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HomeStretch/Numbers > HomeStretch CRACK vol 2. MSK > Flashcards

HomeStretch CRACK vol 2. MSK Flashcards

1
Q

Fatigue fracture

Insufficiency fracture

A

Both are “stress fractures” but fatigue is generally referred to as stress fracture

Fatigue fracture = abnormal stress on normal bone

Insufficiency fracture = normal stress on ABnormal bone

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2
Q

Healing times:

Phalanges

Tibia or fem neck/shaft

everything else

A

fast (3 weeks)

Slow (10 weeks)

everything else = 6-8 weeks

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3
Q

factors for abnormal bone healing

A

Vitamin D deficiency

Gastric bypass

Drugs/meds: tobacco, nsaids, steroids

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4
Q

What are the low risk stress fxs?

A

femoral neck (compressive side)

Posterior medial tibial fx (compressive too)

longitudinal patellar fx

2nd and 3rd metatarsal

calcaneus

. . . the rest are high risk (ie need more than conservative tx).

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5
Q

Prieser disease

A

atraumatic AVN of scaphoid

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6
Q

What is the most important ligament in the scapholunate ligament carpal stability? how about the luno-triquetral?

A

SL = dorsal band

LT = volar

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7
Q

SLAC wrist

A

scapho-lunate advanced collapse

occurs with injury or degen via CPPD to the S-L ligament

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8
Q

SNAC Wrist

A

Scaphoid non-union advanced collapse

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9
Q

DISI

VISI

A

Dorsal / volar intercalated segmental instability

disi is more common from since it is due to the common SL injury.

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10
Q

Space of Poirier

A

ligament free (“Poor”) area in the wrist - site of weakness

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11
Q

positive ulnar variance is associated with ?

A

Ulnar impation syndrome

distal ulna smashes into lunate, degenerating it (cystic change) and tears up the CENTRAL TFCC

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12
Q

Negative ulnar variance is associated with what?

A

Keinbock’s (lunate AVN)

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13
Q

What do you need to know about the hand’s extensor compartments?

A

There are 6 of them

1st compartment (APL and EPB) are the one’s affected in de Quervains

3rd compartment (EPL) courses along lister’s tubercle and can have delayed rupture after a non-displaced radial fx.

The 6 compartment - ECU - can get early tenosynovitis in RA

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14
Q

Vaughan-Jackson Syndrome

A

Sounds like hugh jackman (wolverine)

sequential extensor tendon rupture seen with worsening RA, starting at compartment 5 -> 4, 3, 2, 1

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15
Q

Intersection syndrome

A

repetitive use issue occurs 5cm proximal to lister’s tubercle

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16
Q

Drummer’s wrist

A

3rd compartment (EPL) tenosynovitis

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17
Q

Bennet versus Rolando

What tendon causes displacement?

A

both are fracture of base of thumb

Rolando is the RECKED one! (communited)

APL

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18
Q

gamekeeper’s thumb

associated lesion?

A

avulsion fx at base of proximal phalanx with associated ucl disruption

associated with Stener Lesion

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19
Q

Stener lesion

A

occurs in gamekeeper’s thumb

adductor tendon aponeurosis gets caught in torn edges of UCL

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20
Q

Essex-Lopresti

A

fx of radial head + DRUJ dislocation

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21
Q

Monteggia fx

A

ulnar fracture with radial head dislocation

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22
Q

Galeazzi fx

A

radius fx with DRUJ dislocation

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23
Q

osborne’s ligament

A

epicondylo-olecranon ligament (where the ulnar nerve goes under in cubital tunnel)

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24
Q

Sublime tubercle

A

medial coronoid, where the elbow UCL attaches to

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25
Q

“luxatio erecta humerii”

A

inferior GH dislocation, arm stuck straight over head, associated with neurologic (axillary nerve) injury

26
Q

GLAD, Perthes, ALPSA, True bankart

A

too long to write. . check the book if need be

27
Q

Nerve entrapment; which muscles atrophy in:

Suprascapular notch

Spinoglenoid notch

quadrilateral space

A

supra and infra

just infra

teres minor

28
Q

Segond fx

A

fracture of the LATERAL TIBIAL plateau

(second “LT” fx)

associated with ACL tear . . . segond fx? you need a “segond” ACL

occurs with internal rotation

29
Q

reverse segond fx

A

fracture of the MEDIAL TIBIAL plateua

associated with PCL and medial menisus tears.

occurs with external rotation.

30
Q

Arcuate Sign

A

avulsion of the proximal fibular, insertion at the arcuate ligament complex

associated with PCL tear

31
Q

cyclops lesion

A

arthrofibrosis (scar associated with ventral ACL graft)

“palpable audible clunk”

32
Q

Pilon fx

A

communited, articularly impated tibial plafond fracture

33
Q

Maissonneuve

A

unstable fx involving medial tibilar malleulos and/or disruption of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis

look for fracture of the proximal fibular shaft

34
Q

critical angle of Gissane

A

intra-articular fractures of the calcaneus will have a fracture line through this

35
Q

jone’s fx

the fractures from proximal to distal . . .

A

extra-articular fx at the fifth metatarsal base, 1.5 cm distal to the proximal tuberosity at the metadiaphysial junction.

avulsion, jones, stress

36
Q

POPS

A

painful os peroneus syndrome

its in the peroneus LONGUS

37
Q

Lisfranc ligament connects what two structures?

A

medial cuneiform to the 2nd metatarsal base on the plantar aspect

38
Q

Master knot of henry

A

It’s a “harry dick”

Where dick (FDL) crosses of Harry (FHL) at the medial ankle

39
Q

acute flat arch should make you think of what?

A

PTT tear

40
Q

Mulholland deformity

A

Haglund’s deformity

calcaneal bony prominence

the syndrome adds bursitis and tendon thickening

41
Q

Where are Looser Zones usually seen?

What do they mean?

A

Bilateral femoral neck and pubic rami

type of insufficiency fracture

osteomalacia, rickets, and OI

42
Q

DEXA Scan

T score means what?

What designates osteoporosis?

What is the Z score?

A

T score = Density relative to young adult

Z score = Zame age = density relative to age-matched control

43
Q

Sudeck atrophy

A

Complex regional pain syndrome AKA Reflex symphathetic dystrophy

44
Q

Osteochondritis Dissecans versus Panner’s disease

A

Panner’s is a little younger (5-10 yo) since peter pan wants to stay young and no loose bodies.

45
Q

McCune Albright Syndrome

A

Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia

Girl

Cafe au lat spots

Precocious puberty

(in contrast to Mazabraud syndrome, which has soft tissue myxomas)

46
Q

Mazabraud Syndrome

A

Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia

Middle aged woman

soft tissue myxomas

Increased risk of osseous malignant transformation

(in contrast to McCune-Albright = girl with precocious puberty)

47
Q

adamantinoma

A

potentially malignany tibial lesion that resembles dysplasia

48
Q

fibroxanthoma

A

wastebasket term for non-ossifying fibroma (>3cm) and fibrous cortical defect.

49
Q

Jaffe-Camanacci Syndrome

A

Syndrome of multiple NOFs, cafe-au-lait spots, mental retardation, hypogonadism, and cardiac malformations.

50
Q

Ollier dz

A

multiple enchondromas

(in comparison to maffuci’s - has “less”)

51
Q

Maffucci Syndrome

A

Multiple enchondromatosis

(has “more” = phleboliths and increased risk of chondrosarcoma)

52
Q

Plasmacytoma in the vertebral body has what appearance?

A

Mini-brain appearance

53
Q

POEMS

A

Basically myeloma with sclerotic mets

plasma cell proliferation (MM), neuropathy and organomegaly

54
Q

liposclerosing myxofibroma

A

characterstic location = femoral intertrochanter

geographic lytic lesion with sclerotic margin

looks non-aggressive but 10% malignant potential

55
Q

trevor disease

A

dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica

basically osteochondroma pointing towards joint

56
Q

ligament of struthers

A

ligament that attaches to an avian sput and can smash the median nerve.

57
Q

osteofibrous dysplasia

A

NOF in the anterior tibia with anterior bowing

58
Q

calcium hydoxyapatite deposition disease

A

calcific tendonitis

59
Q

Engelmann’s disease

A

progressive diaphyseal dysplasia

fusiform bony enlargement with sclerosis

b/l and symmetric

predilection for long boners

hone on bone scan

can involve skull and cause optic nerve compression

60
Q

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma

A

name changed to pleomorphic undifferentiated sarcoma

common, happens in older people, central location

dark to intermediate on T2

associated with spontaneous hemorrhage

bone infarcts can turn into MFH (sarcomatous transformation of infarct)

radiation is a risk factor.

61
Q

Jaccoud’s Arthropathy

A

very similar to SLE (reducible deformity of joints without articular erosions)

62
Q

Chloroma

A

Granulocytic Sarcoma

destructive mass in a bone of a leukemia patient

its some kind of colloid tumor

HomeStretch/Numbers (24 decks)

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