3.2.2.1 Biomechanical principles

Question 1

Newton’s first law of inertia

Answer 1

A force is required to change the state of motion

Question 2

Newton’s second law of acceleration

Answer 2

The magnitude (size) and direction of the force determines the magnitude and direction of the acceleration

Question 3

Newton’s third law of motion

Answer 3

For every action (force) there is an equal and opposite reaction (force)

Question 4

Ground reaction force

Answer 4

The equal and opposite force exerted on a performer who applies a muscular force on the ground

Question 5

Equation triangle and units for speed, distance and time

Answer 5

Distance (m)

Speed(m/s). Time(s)

Question 6

Scalar quantity and examples of them

Answer 6

When measurements are described in terms of just their size or magnitude

Eg. Speed, distance, mass, temperature

Question 7

Centre of mass

Answer 7

The point of balance

Question 8

Line of gravity

Answer 8

The line extending vertically downwards from the centre of mass

Question 9

Factors affecting stability:

The height of the centre of mass

Answer 9

Lowering the centre of mass will increase stability

Question 10

Factors affecting stability:

Position of the line of gravity

Answer 10

Should be central over the base of support to increase stability

Question 11

Factors affecting stability:

Area of support base

Answer 11

The more contact points, the larger the base of support becomes and the more stable they become. For example a headstand has more contact points than a handstand so is a more balanced position

Question 12

Factors affecting stability:

Mass of the performer

Answer 12

Often the greater the mass, the more stability there is because of increased inertia