W8 - Emotions Flashcards
Homeostasis
Biological processes that keep biological variables within acceptable range
e.g., body temperature, fluid levels
Allostasis
Anticipatory corrections - prior to change in biological variables
e.g., increased fluid intake in response to increased temperature
The Hypothalamus
very important in maintaining homeostasis
Osmotic thirst
Due to increased salt intake, resulting in increased Na+ concentration in extracellular fluid
Subfornical organ and OVLT
Receptors that respond to osmotic pressure
signal the need for more water
ANS
controls many involuntary processes e.g., heart rate, digestion etc.
Sympathetic ANS (left)
prepares for fight or flight
Parasympathetic ANS (right)
resting non-emergency, digestion & rest
Left hemisphere (frontal & temporal lobes)
Behavioural activation system
-low-moderate arousal, tendency to approach
Right hemisphere (frontal & temporal lobes)
Behavioural Inhibition System
- higher arousal, withdrawal / inhibition
- more sensitive to emotional stimuli
Amygdala
Aggression.
-prior to an attack, corticomedial amygdala activity increases
- direct stimulation increases chance of attack
- extremely sensitive to potential threats
PTSD (hippocampus)
a kind of anxiety disorder.
- many have smaller hippocampi
- cortisol has been suggested to be involved in damaging the hippocampus
PTSD (Amygdala)
- People with amygdala damage might not develop PTSD (unable to learn fears?)
- People with PTSD might not be able to extinguish fears (Amygdala abnormality?)
Kluver-Bucy syndrome
- reduced fear
- increased sexual behavior
- damage inn amygdala
Urbach-Wiethe disease
- damage in amygdala
- muted fear emotion in self
- fail to recognise emotions in others
- do not attend to eyes
