10.2 - Kidney and Blood Pressure

Question 1

What is JGA? - where is it located?

Answer 1

Juxtaglomerular Apparatus

• specialized cells on inner wall of the afferent arteriole
• detects drop in pressure

Question 2

What does JGA release?

Answer 2

Enzyme Renin into blood

Question 3

Stimulus

Answer 3

Low blood pressure (due to low blood volume)

Question 4

Sensor

Answer 4

JGA

Question 5

Integrator

Answer 5

JGA

Question 6

Effector

Answer 6

JGA -> releases Renin into blood

Question 7

Negative feedback of blood pressure

Answer 7

JGA detects high blood pressure, stops release of renin

Question 8

Response

Answer 8

Renin converts INACTIVE plasma protein (angiotensinogen) into ACTIVE plasma protein (angiotensin I)
-> renin activates protein

• angiotensin I:
  1. Constricts arterioles
  2. Targets adrenal gland to release ALDOSTERONE into blood

Question 9

What does aldosterone do? Why?

Answer 9

Targets nephron to reabsorb more Na+ ions

- this is because H2O follows [high] solute (raising blood pressure)

Question 10

Where is adrenal released?

Answer 10

From adrenal cortex (outside medulla)

Question 11

2 ways to increase blood pressure

Answer 11

1. Adding water to blood bc it increases blood volume

2. Angiotensin I

Question 12

What inhibits renin?

Answer 12

Prescription drugs and diuretics (release more urine to decrease blood pressure)

Question 13

What does antidiuretic do? Where?

Answer 13

Causes H2O reabsorption in collecting duct