Muscles Info Flashcards
1
Q
Muscle Tissue Properties + Results
A
- Excitability - reacts to stimulus
- Contractility - ability to shorten
- Extensibility - ability to stretch
- Elasticity - ability to recoil
2
Q
Functions of Skeletal Muscle
A
- Movement
- Posture
- Soft-tissue support - supports organs and cavities
- Protection - bracing for impact
- Thermoregulation - shivering
- Nutrient storage - glycogen storage
3
Q
Skeletal Muscle Organization - Parallel Muscles + Example
A
- Parallel muscle - biceps brachii
- Parallel muscle with tendinous bands - rectus abdominis
- Wrapping muscle - supinator
4
Q
Skeletal Muscle Organization - Convergent Muscles + Example
A
- Convergent muscle - pectoralis
5
Q
Skeletal Muscle Organization - Pennate Muscles + Example
A
- Similar to convergent muscle (in appearance)
1. Unipennate muscle - extensor digitorum
2. Bipennate muscle - rectus femoris
3. Multipennate muscle - deltoid
6
Q
Skeletal Muscle Organization - Circular Muscles + Example
A
- Circular muscle - orbicularis oris
7
Q
Skeletal Muscle Parts + Actions
A
- Agonist - primary muscle responsible in a specific movement
- Antagonist - muscle whose action opposes agonist movement
* Reciprocal Inhibition - Antagonist muscle “turns off” during agonist action
**If antagonist doesn’t “turn off”, then agonist muscle needs to work twice as hard to overpower antagonsit muscle.
8
Q
Parts of a Lever
A
- Fulcrum (F) - fixed point; movement occurs around it
- Applied force (AP) - force produced by muscle contraction
- Load (L) - weight that opposes the applied force
9
Q
Types of Levers (and Pulley) in the Body + Example
A
- First class lever - few of these; F is between L and AP; example = pulling the head up
- Second class lever - also very few; L is in between F and AP; example = toe raises in the leg
- Third class lever - most common; AP is between F and L; example = dumbbell curls
- Pulley - using bone to redirect the force; example = patella
