Insomnia

Question 1

What does that mean sleep latency test results show if it is positive in the context of narcolepsy?

Answer 1

Mean sleep latency of less than or equal to eight minutes

2 or more sleep-onset REM periods in 4 to 5 naps

Question 2

Diagnostic criteria for obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea

5

10

15

Answer 2

1. Evidence of at least 5 obstructive apnea‘s or hypopneas per 1 hour of sleep plus either breathing related disturbances or daytime sleepiness/fatigue/unrefreshing sleep despite sufficient opportunity to sleep

OR

15 or more obstructive apnea‘s and/or hypopneas per 1 hour of sleep regardless of accompanying symptoms

Each apnea or hypopnea lasts for at least 10 seconds in adults or two missed breaths in children and is typically associated with drops in oxygen saturation of at least 3% or greater and/or an electroencephalographic arousal

Question 3

Central sleep apnea diagnosis

Answer 3

Evidence by polysomnography of five or more central apnea is per hour of sleep

And

The disorder is not better explained by another current sleep disorder

Question 4

Tetrad of narcolepsy

Answer 4

(1) sleep attacks—sudden urges to sleep;
(2) cataplexy—partial or generalized flaccid paralysis precipitated by anticipatory excitement, laughter, anger, or surprise
(3) hypnagogic hallucinations—frightening or menacing hallucinations that occur at sleep onset; and
(4) sleep paralysis—often frightening and unpleasant generalized paralysis slightly before or at the time of falling asleep or on awakening

Question 5

Diagnostic criteria for a circadian rhythm sleep wake disorders

Answer 5

A. Persistent or recurrent pattern of sleep disruption that is primarily due to an alteration of the circadian system or to a misalignment between the endogenous circadian rhythm and the sleep week schedule required by work or other social schedules

B. The sleep disruption leads to excessive sleepiness or insomnia or both

C. Causes clinically significant distress or impairment in functioning

Question 6

Non-rapid eye movement Sleep arousal disorders

Answer 6

Recurrent episodes of incomplete awakening from sleep, usually occurring during the first third of major sleep episode accompanied by either one of the following

Sleepwalking
OR
Sleep terrors

No or Little dream imagery is recalled

Amnesia for the episode is present

Causes clinically significant distress or impairment and in functioning

Not attributable to effects of a substance

Coexisting mental and Medical disorders do not explain the episodes

Question 7

REM sleep behavior disorder

Answer 7

Includes vocalizations and physically hitting, kicking, flailing