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MRCS PART A > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Safe triangle for chest drain insertion borders

A

anterior edge of latissimus dorsi
lateral border of pectoralis major
line superior to horizontal level of nipple
apex below the axilla

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2
Q

Anatomical location for chest drain insertion

A

5th ICS, mid axillary line

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3
Q

Muscles that attach the scapula to chest wall (7)

A 
pectoralis minor
omohyoid
rhomboid major + minor
trapezius
levator scapulae
serrates anterior
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4
Q

Muscles that originate from scapula and insert into the humerus (6)

A 
teres minor
infraspinatus
supraspinatous
subscapularis
teres major
deltoid
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5
Q

Rotator cuff muscles

A

teres minor
infraspinatus
supraspinatous
subscapularis

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6
Q

Muscles of the forearm (med-lat) (4,3)

A 
superficial:
pronator teres
flexor carpi radialis
palmaris longus
pollicus digitorum superficialis

deep:
flexor pollicus longus
flexor digitorum profundus
pronator quadratus

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7
Q

Brachioradialis function

A

Elbow flexor

Beer Raising muscle

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8
Q

What sits behind the Brachioradialis mucle

A

Radial nerve (in cubital fossa)

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9
Q

Innervation of serrates anterior

A

long thoracic nerve

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10
Q

Long thoracic nerve roots

A

C5-7

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11
Q

Shoulder abduction + adduction nerve roots

A

C5

C7

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12
Q

Elbow flexion + extension nerve roots

A

C5

C7

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13
Q

Supination/pronation nerve root

A

C6

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14
Q

Wrist flexion + extension nerve roots

A

C6/C7

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15
Q

Finger flexion/extension nerve roots

A

C7/C8

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16
Q

Small muscles of hand nerve roots

A

T1

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17
Q

Mastectomy commonly causes which nerve injury?

A

long thoracic nerve

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18
Q

Nerves frequently injured in axillary dissection

A

intercostobrachial nerves

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19
Q

Erb’s palsy nerve root injury

A

C5,6

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20
Q

Klumpke’s palsy nerve root injury

A

C7,8 T1 (lower trunk)

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21
Q

Muscles supplied by radial nerve (4)

A

brachioradialis
extensors
supinator
triceps

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22
Q

Relation of median nerve to brachial artery

A

lateral –> anterior –> medial

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23
Q

Musculocutaneous nerve innervates which muscles (3)

A

biceps brachii
brachialis
coracobrachialis

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24
Q

Axillary artery branches

A

1: superior thoracic
2: thoracoacromial, lateral thoracic
3: sub scapular, ant + post circumflex humeral

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25
Q

Innervation of diaphragm

A

Phrenic nerve

C3-5

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26
Q

Thenar eminence laceration most likely causes damage to which nerve?

A

Recurrent branch of median nerve

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27
Q

Commonest electrolyte disturbance following crush injury?

A

Potassium

due to tissue lysis and necrosis

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28
Q

Vein that lies anterior to medial malleolus of tibia

A

Long saphenous vein

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29
Q

What does the breast lie on?

A

Pectoral fascia
Pectoralis major
Serratus anterior
External oblique

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30
Q

Nerve supply to breast

A

branches of intercostal nerves T4-T6

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31
Q

Arterial supply of breast

A

Internal mammary (thoracic) artery
External mammary artery
Anterior intercostal arteries
Thoraco-acromial artery

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32
Q

Venous drainage of breast

A

Superficial venous plexus to subclavian, axillary and intercostal veins

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33
Q

Lymphatic drainage of breast

A

70% to axillary nodes
Internal mammary chain
Deep cervical + supraclavicular fossa (later in disease)

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34
Q

Axillary LN levels

A

1 - inferior to pec minor
2 - behind pec minor
3 - above pec minor

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35
Q

Structures passing through caval foramen in diaphragm

A

IVC
R phrenic nerve
LNs

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36
Q

Structures passing through aortic hiatus in diaphragm

A

Aorta
Thoracic duct
Azygos vein

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37
Q

Structures passing through oesophageal hiatus in diaphragm

A

Oesophagus
Vagal trunks
L gastric vessels

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38
Q

Level of canal foramen

A

T8

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39
Q

Level of oesophageal hiatus

A

T20

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40
Q

Level of aortic hiatus

A

T12

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41
Q

Anatomical/congenital cause of indirect inguinal hernia

A

Abdo contents enter the inguinal canal through a patent processes vaginalis

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42
Q

Calot’s triangle borders

A

inferior surface of liver (superior)
cystic duct (lateral)
common hepatic duct (medial)

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43
Q

LN spread of pancreatic CA (5)

A 
LNs of:
coeliac axis
paraduodenal peritoneum
lesser curvature of stomach
greater curvature of stomach
hilum of spleen
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44
Q

Borders of perineum

A

pubic symphysis (anterior)
ischiopubic rami + ischial tuberosity + sacrotuberous ligament (lateral)
tip of coccyx (posterior)

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45
Q

MALT tissue

A

pharyngeal tonsil
palatine tonsils x2
tubal tonsils x2
lingual tonsil

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46
Q

Anatomical cause for Meckel’s diverticulum

A

failure of vitelline duct to obliterate

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47
Q

Embryological precursor of female reproductive organs

A

Müllerian ducts

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48
Q

Embryological precursor of male reproductive organs

A

Wolffian ducts

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49
Q

Anatomical cause for bronchogenic cysts

A

anomalous development of ventral foregut

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50
Q

Level of hilum of kidneys

A

Left - L1

Right L1-2

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51
Q

Only organ in direct contact with kidney

A

Pancreas

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52
Q

Posterior relations of kidneys

A 
subcostal nerve
ilioinguinal nerve
iliohypogastric nerve
quadrates lumborum
transversus abdominis
psoas major
diaphragm
arcuate ligaments
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53
Q

Fascia covering kidneys

A

Gerotas fascia

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54
Q

Gerotas fascia derived from

A

transversalis fascia

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55
Q

Structures at the renal hilum (ant to post)

A

renal vein
renal artery
ureter

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56
Q

IVC lies in front of which structure in the abdomen

A

right renal artery

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57
Q

Renal arteries are direct or indirect branches off aorta?

A

direct

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58
Q

Level of renal arteries

A

upper border of L2

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59
Q

Blood supply to ureters

A 
renal artery
aortic branches
gonadal branches
common iliac 
internal iliac
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60
Q

Ureter lies …. to bifurcation of iliac vessels

A

anterior

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61
Q

Ureter related to …. ligament of uterus

A

broad ligament

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62
Q

Embryological site of uranchus

A

medial umbilical ligament

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63
Q

Arterial supply to bladder

A

superior and inferior vesical arteries (branches of internal iliac)

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64
Q

Venous drainage of bladder

A

Vesicoprostatic/vesicouterine venous plexus to internal iliac veins

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65
Q

Lymphatic drainage of bladder

A

external iliac, internal iliac and obturator nodes

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66
Q

Innervation of bladder

A

Parasympathetic: pelvic splanchnic nerves
Sympathetic: L1 + 2 via hypogastric plexuses

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67
Q

Micturition control centre

A

Pons

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68
Q

Fascia separating prostate from rectum

A

Denonvilliers fascia

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69
Q

Blood supply of prostate

A

Internal iliacs

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70
Q

Artery that crosses ureter + where

A

Uterine artery 2cm superior to ischial spine

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71
Q

Urogenital triangle borders

A

Ischiopubic inferior rami

Ischial tuberosities

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72
Q

Innervation of penis

A

S2-4 (pudendal nerve)

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73
Q

Narrowest part of urethra

A

Membranous urethra

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74
Q

Cremasteric fascia derived from?

A

internal oblique fascial coverings

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75
Q

External spermatic fascia derived from?

A

external oblique aponeurosis

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76
Q

Internal spermatic fascia derived from?

A

Transversalis fascia

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77
Q

Innervation of scrotum

A

Ilioinguinal + pudendal nerve

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78
Q

Important nerve in posterior triangle LN biopsy

A

accessory nerve

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79
Q

Important nerve in posterior approach to hip

A

sciatic

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80
Q

Important nerve in Lloyd Davies positioning

A

common peroneal

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81
Q

Important nerve in axillary node clearance

A

long thoracic

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82
Q

Important nerve in pelvic cancer surgery

A

pelvic autonomic nerves

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83
Q

Important nerve in thyroid surgery

A

recurrent laryngeal nerves

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84
Q

Important nerve in carotid endarterectomy

A

hypoglossal nerve

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85
Q

Important nerve in upper limb fracture repairs

A

ulnar and median nerves

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86
Q

Important nerve in inguinal hernia surgery

A

ilioinguinal nerve

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87
Q

Which vessel do you use for conduit for coronary artery bypass

A

internal mammary artery

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88
Q

Thyroid isthmus overlies which tracheal rings?

A

2-4

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89
Q

Recurrent laryngeal nerve runs through which groove?

A

Tracheoesophageal groove

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90
Q

External laryngeal nerve supplies which muscle?

A

Cricothyroid

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91
Q

Recurrent laryngeal nerve supplies which muscles?

A

All intrinsic muscles of the thyroid except cricothyroid

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92
Q

Superior parathyroid glands derived from which pharyngeal pouch

A

4th

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93
Q

Inferior parathyroid glands derived from which pharyngeal pouch

A

3rd

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94
Q

Arterial supply to parathyroid glands

A

Inferior and superior thyroid arteries

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95
Q

Venus drainage of parathyroid glands

A

Thyroid veins

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96
Q

Adrenal zona glomerulosa secretes?

A

Mineralocorticoids eg aldosterone

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97
Q

Adrenal zona fasciculata secretes?

A

Glucocorticoids eg cortisol

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98
Q

Adrenal zona reticular is secretes?

A

DHEA

Androgens

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99
Q

Muscles that depress the hyoid bone

A

Sternothyroid
Sternohyoid
Thyrohyoid
Omohyoid

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100
Q

Infrahyoid muscles

A

Digastric
Mylohyoid
Stylohyoid
Geniohyoid

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101
Q

Anterior belly of digastric develops from which pharyngeal arch

A

1st

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102
Q

Posterior belly of digastric develops from which pharyngeal arch

A

2nd

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103
Q

Posterior belly of digastric crosses the carotid…?

A

superiorly

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104
Q

Origin of abdominal aorta

A

T12

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105
Q

Termination of abdominal aorta

A

L4

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106
Q

Branches of abdominal aorta (10)

A 
Inferior phrenic - T12
Coeliac - T12
Sup mesenteric - L1
Middle suprarenal - L1
Renal - L1-L2
Gonadal - L2
Lumbar - L1-L4
Inf mesenteric - L3
Median sacral -L4
Common iliac - L4
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107
Q

How many paired branches come off abdominal aorta?

A

6

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108
Q

Which artery is divided to gain surgical access for AAA?

A

Left renal artery

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109
Q

Branches of coeliac axis

A

Left gastric
Hepatic branches
Splenic branches

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110
Q

Internal iliac artery branches

A

I Love Going Places In My Very Own Underwear

[From posterior division]
Ileolumbar
Lateral sacral
Gluteal (superior)

[From anterior division]
Pudendal (internal)
Inferior vesicle/Uterine
Middle rectal
Vaginal
Obturator
Umbilical
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111
Q

Gastroduodenal artery supplies

A

Pylorus, proximal part of duodenum, indirectly to pancreatic head

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112
Q

Level of origin of inferior vena cava

A

L5

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113
Q

Level of carval foramen passing through diaphragm

A

T8

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114
Q

Level of aortic hiatus

A

T12

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115
Q

Level of oesophageal hiatus

A

T10

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116
Q

Level of hepatic vein

A

T8

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117
Q

Level of inferior phrenic vein

A

T8

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118
Q

Level of suprarenal veins + renal vein

A

L1

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119
Q

Level of gonadal vein

A

L2

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120
Q

Level of lumbar veins

A

L1 to 5

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121
Q

Level of common iliac vein

A

L5

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122
Q

Level of formation of IVC

A

L5

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123
Q

IVC branches

A

I like to rise so high

Iliacs
Lumbar
Testicular (right)/ovarian
Renal
Suprarenal (right(
Hepatic vein
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124
Q

How many collateral venous circulation to IVC

A

4
Azygos
Internal mammary venous
Long thoracic venous system (2 pathways)

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125
Q

Level of superior mesenteric artery

A

L1

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126
Q

SMA supplies?

A

Duodenum to mid transverse colon

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127
Q

SMA branches

A 
Middle colic
Iliocolic (+ appendicular)
Inferior pancreaticoduodenal
Right colic
Jejunal + ileal
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128
Q

Cremasteric reflex caused by

A

Genitofemoral nerve

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129
Q

Transpyloric plane level

A

L1

130
Q

IMA level

A

L3

131
Q

Bifurcation of aorta into common iliac arteries

A

L4

132
Q

Oesophagus levels

A

C6-T11

133
Q

Upper third of oesophagus blood supply

A

A&V: inferior thyroid vessels

134
Q

Mid third of oesophagus blood supply

A

A: aortic branches
V: azygos branches

135
Q

Nerve supply to upper half of oesophagus

A

recurrent laryngeal nerve

136
Q

Nerve supply to lower had of oesophagus

A

oesophageal plexus (vagus)

137
Q

Abdominal wall muscles

A 
Rectus abdominis (ant)
External oblique
Internal oblique
Transversus abdominis
Quadratus lumborum (post)
138
Q

External oblique origins

A

Ribs 5-12

139
Q

Hesselbach’s triangle borders

A

Sup: Inferior epigastric vessels
Med: lat edge of rectus muscle
inf: Inguinal ligament

140
Q

Blood supply of spleen

A

A: splenic artery (coeliac axis)
V: splenic vein (joined by IMV + united with SMV)

141
Q

Retroperitoneal structures

A 
SAD PUCKER
Suprarenal glands
Aorta + IVC
Duodenum (except 1st part)
Pancreas
Colon (ascending + descending)
Kidneys
Oesophagus
Rectum
142
Q

Pringle’s maneouvre

A 
vascular clamp across anterior aspect of epiploic foramen
Occludes:
CBD
Hepatic artery
portal vein
143
Q

McBurney’s point

A

1/3 way from ASIS to umbilicus

144
Q

Blood supply of ascending colon

A

Ileocolic and right colic vessels

145
Q

Blood supply of transverse colon

A

middle colic vessels

146
Q

Blood supply of descending and sigmoid colon

A

inferior mesenteric vessels

147
Q

Midgut

A

2nd part of duodenum to 2/3 transverse colon

148
Q

Hindgut

A

Distal 1/3 transverse colon to anus

149
Q

Narrowest part of urethra

A

Membranous urethra

150
Q

Ilioinguinal nerve supplies

A

sensation to skin over medial aspect of thigh, upper part of scrotum and penile root
Motor innervation to internal oblique + transverses abdominis

151
Q

Fermoral nerve supplies

A

muscles of anterior compartment of thigh which extend knee joint

152
Q

Obturator nerve supplies

A

sensation to small area of medial thigh

motor supply to adductor muscles

153
Q

Common peroneal nerve supplies

A

sensation to skin of upper lateral leg, lower posterolateral leg and dorsum of foot

154
Q

Sciatic nerve supplies

A

motor function to muscles of posterior thigh

155
Q

Tibial nerve supplies

A

sensation to skin of lateral leg, lateral foot and plantar surface of foot
Muscles of posterior compartment of leg

156
Q

Inguinal canal

A

sup: transversals abdominis + internal oblique fibres
post: transversals fascia
inf/floor: inguinal ligament
ant: internal + external oblique aponeuroses

157
Q

Duodenum nerve supply

A

sympathetic: coeliac plexus branches
parasympathetic: hepatic + coeliac branches

158
Q

4 parts of duodenum

A

1: bulb - connected by hepatoduodenal ligament to inferior part of liver
2: descending
3: horizontal
4: ascending

159
Q

Umbilicus level

A

T10

160
Q

Denonvillier’s fascia

A

rectoprostatic

161
Q

Waldeyer’s fascia

A

rectosacral

162
Q

Tips of scapulae level

A

T7

163
Q

Superior margin of iliac crests level

A

L4

164
Q

Collateral venous systems if SVC obstruction

A

azygos
internal mammary pathway
long thoracic + femoral/vertebral veins

165
Q

Central tendon of diaphragmatic crura derived from?

A

Septum traverse

166
Q

Lower sternal angle structures

A 
aortic arch
thoracic duct crosses midline
azygous joins sac
tracheal bifurcation
costal cartilage 2nd rib
167
Q

muscle medial to long thoracic nerve

A

serrates anterior

168
Q

kidney transplant anastomosed to which vessels

A

external iliac

169
Q

Gerotas fascia

A

surrounds kidney

170
Q

Sibson’s fascia

A

lung apex

171
Q

what separates subclavian artery + vein

A

scalenus anterior

172
Q

carpal bones

A 
scaphoid
lunate 
triquetral
pisiform
trapezium
trapezoid
capitate
hamate
173
Q

Muscles originating from scapula + inserting into humerus

A 
rotator cuff muscles:
Teres minor
infraspinatous
supraspinatous
subscapularis

teres major
deltoid

174
Q

superficial layer of muscles of anterior forearm (med-lat above-down) (5)

A 
pronator teres
flexor carpi radialis
palmaris longus
flexor carpi ulnaris
flexor digitorum superficialis
175
Q

deep layer of muscles of anterior forearm (med-lat above-down) (3)

A

flexor pollicis longus
flexor digitorum profundus
pronator quadratus

176
Q

superficial layer of muscles of posterior forearm (med-lat above-down) (7)

A 
brachioradialis
extensor carpi radialis longus
extensor carpi radialis brevis
extensor digitorum
extensor digiti minimi
extensor carpi ulnaris
anconeus
177
Q

shoulder abduction nerve root

A

C5

178
Q

shoulder adduction nerve root

A

C7

179
Q

elbow flexion nerve root

A

C5

180
Q

elbow extension nerve root

A

C7

181
Q

supination/pronation nerve root

A

C6

182
Q

write flexion/extension nerve root

A

C6/C7

183
Q

finger flexion/extension nerve root

A

C7/8

184
Q

small muscles of hand nerve root

A

T1

185
Q

sections of brachial plexus

A 
roots
trunks
divisions
cords
branches
186
Q

branches of brachial plexus (lat to med)

A 
My Aunt Raped My Uncle
musculocutaneous
axillary
radial
median
ulnar
187
Q

radial nerve supplies which muscles (4)

A 
BEST
brachioradialis
extensors
supinator
triceps
188
Q

relations of median nerve to brachial artery

A

lateral – anterior – medial

189
Q

musculocutaneous nerve supplies which muscles (3)

A

BBC
coracobrachialis
biceps brachii
brachialis

190
Q

thenar eminence muscles (lat-med on palm) (4)

A

abductor pollicis brevis
opponens pollicis
flexor pollicis brevis
adductor pollicis

191
Q

hypothenar eminence muscles (lat-med on palm) (3)

A

opponens digiti minimi
flexor digiti minimi
abductor digiti minimi

192
Q

structures passing through carpal tunnel (5)

A 
median nerve
flexor pollicis longus
flexor digitorum superficialis
flexor digitorum profundus
radial + ulnar bursa
193
Q

structures passing superficial to carpal tunnel (4)

A

palmaris longus
ulnar nerve
cutaneous branch ulnar nerve
cutaneous branches median nerve

194
Q

Guyon’s canal contents

A

ulnar nerve + artery

195
Q

antecubital fossa contents (lat-med) (4)

A

radial nerve
biceps tendon
brachial artery
medial nerve

196
Q

anatomical snuffbox boundaries + contents

A

med: extensor pollicis longus
lat: abductor pollicis longus + extensor pollicis brevis
floor: scaphoid + trapezium

197
Q

loss of pincer grip + normal sensation nerve lesion

A

anterior interosseous nerve

198
Q

interossei supplied by which nerve

A

ulnar

199
Q

muscles supplied by ulnar nerve (5)

A 
medial lumbricals
adductor pollicis
flexor digitorum profundus/digiti minimi
interossei
abductor digiti minimi + opponens
200
Q

Froment’s sign tests which muscle/nerve

A

adductor pollicis muscle
deep branch of ulnar nerve palsy

flexes FPL to compensate

201
Q

muscles supplied by median nerve (4)

A 
LOAF
lat 2 lumbricals
opponens pollicis
abductor pollicis brevis
flexor pollicis brevis
202
Q

intrinsic muscles of hand (7)

A 
A OF A OF A
abductor pollicis brevis
opponens pollicis
flexor pollicis brevis
adductor pollicis
opponens digiti minimi
flexor digiti minimi brevis
abductor digiti minimi
203
Q

Nerve supply to anterior compartment of thigh

A

femoral nerve

204
Q

Nerve supply to medial compartment of thigh

A

obturator nerve

205
Q

Nerve supply to posterior compartment of thigh

A

sciatic nerve

206
Q

Muscles in anterior compartment of thigh

A

iliac
tensor fasciae latae
sartorius
quadriceps femoris

207
Q

Muscles in medial compartment of thigh

A

adductor longus/magnus/brevis
gracilis
obturator externus

208
Q

Muscles in posterior compartment of thigh

A

semimembranosus
semitendinosus
biceps femoris

209
Q

Nerve supply to anterior compartment of lower leg

A

deep perineal nerve

210
Q

Nerve supply to posterior compartment of lower leg

A

tibial nerve

211
Q

Nerve supply to lateral compartment of lower leg

A

superficial peroneal nerve

212
Q

Muscles in anterior compartment of lower leg

A 
tibialis anterior
extensor digitorum longus
extensor digitorum brevis
extensor hallucis longus
peroneus tertius
213
Q

Muscles in posterior compartment of lower leg

A 
deep: 
flexor hallucis longus
flexor digitorum longus
tibialis posterior
popliteus

sup:
gastrocnemius
soleus
plantaris

214
Q

Muscles in lateral compartment of lower leg

A

peroneus longus/brevis

215
Q

Blood supply to anterior compartment of lower leg

A

anterior tibial

216
Q

Blood supply to posterior compartment of lower leg

A

posterior tibial

217
Q

Blood supply to lateral compartment of lower leg

A

anterior tibial

218
Q

Ankle reflex nerve root

A

S1,2

219
Q

Knee jerk reflex nerve root

A

L 3, 4

220
Q

biceps and supinator reflex nerve root

A

C5,6

221
Q

triceps reflex nerve root

A

C7,8

222
Q

hip flexion nerve root

A

L2,3

223
Q

knee extension nerve root

A

L3,4

224
Q

foot dorsiflexion nerve root

A

L4,5

225
Q

foot inversion nerve root

A

L4,5

226
Q

hip extension nerve root

A

L4,5

227
Q

knee flexion nerve root

A

L5,S1

228
Q

foot plantar flexion nerve root

A

S1,2

229
Q

foot eversion nerve root

A

L5,S1

230
Q

great toe extension nerve root

A

L5

231
Q

1st web space of foot sensory innervation

A

deep peroneal nerve

232
Q

Pudendal nerve exits pelvis through

A

Greater sciatic foramen

233
Q

Pudendal nerve re-enters pelvis through

A

Lesser sciatic foramen

234
Q

Femoral triangle boundaries

A

sup: inguinal ligament
med: adductor longus
lat: sartorius
contents: NAVY

235
Q

adductor canal boundaries

A

lat: vastus medialis
post: adductor longus + Magnus
roof: sartorius
contents: saphenous nerve, femoral vessels

236
Q

deepest structure in popliteal fossa

A

popliteal artery

237
Q

tarsal bones

A

Tall Californian Navy Medical Interns Lay Cuties

T alus; C alcanous; N avicular; M edial cuneiform; I ntermediate cuneiform; L ateral cuneiform; C uboid

238
Q

sciatic nerve roots

A

L4-S3

239
Q

adductor longus innervation

A

obturator nerve

240
Q

trendelenburg tests ?

A

superior gluteal nerve

241
Q

femoral artery surface marking

A

mid inguinal point

242
Q

creamsteric reflex nerve supply

A

genitofemoral nerve

243
Q

Muscles that depress hyoid bone + infrahyoid muscles (4)

A 
TOSS
thyrohyoid
omohyoid
sternohyoid
sternothyroid
244
Q

Infrahyoid muscles (4)

A

digastric
mylohyoid
stylohyoid
geniohyoid

245
Q

anterior belly of digastric from which pharyngeal arch

A

1st

246
Q

posterior belly of digastric from which pharyngeal arch

A

2nd

247
Q

muscles of facial expression from which branchial arch

A

2nd

248
Q

levator veli palatini supplied by which CN

A

X

249
Q

tensor veli palatini supplied by which CN

A

V

250
Q

tensor tympani supplied by which CN

A

V

251
Q

ansa cervicali supplies sensory information from SCM nerve roots

A

anterior rami C2 + C3

252
Q

Common carotids terminate at what level

A

C3

253
Q

contents of carotid sheath

A

common carotid artery
internal carotid artery
internal jugular vein
vagus nerve

254
Q

external carotid artery branches

A 
Some Aggressive Ladies Find Odd Positions More Stimulating
superior thyroid
ascending pharyngeal
lingul
facial
occipital
posterior auricular
maxillary
superficial temporal
255
Q

MMA branch of which vessel

A

maxillary artery (external carotid)

256
Q

axillary artery arises from which vessel

A

subclavian artery

257
Q

hyperhidrosis treatment denervation

A

removing T2 + 3 ganglia and rami

258
Q

sensory CNs

A

I, II, VIII

259
Q

motor CNs

A

III, IV, VI, XI, XII

260
Q

mixed CNs

A

V, VII, IX X

261
Q

branches of facial nerve

A 
temporal
zygomatic
buccal
marginal mandibular
cervical
262
Q

RLN branch of which nerve

A

vagus

263
Q

RLN innervates

A

all intrinsic muscles of larynx except cricothyroid

264
Q

carotid body innervation

A

CN IX

265
Q

CN I foramen

A

cribriform plate

266
Q

CN II foramen

A

optic canal

267
Q

CN III foramen

A

superior orbital fissure

268
Q

CN IV foramen

A

superior orbital fissure

269
Q

CN V foramen

A

V1 - superior orbital fissure
V2 - foramen rotundum
V3 - foramen ovale

270
Q

CN VI foramen

A

superior orbital fissure

271
Q

CN VII foramen

A

internal acoustic meatus

272
Q

CN VIII foramen

A

internal acoustic meatus

273
Q

CN IX foramen

A

Jugular foramen

274
Q

CN X foramen

A

Jugular foramen

275
Q

CN XI foramen

A

Jugular foramen

276
Q

CN XII foramen

A

hypoglossal canal

277
Q

motor supply of tongue

A

CN XII

278
Q

sensory supply taste to anterior 2/3 tongue

A

chorda tympani

CN VII

279
Q

sensory supply general sensation to anterior 2/3 tongue

A

lingual

CN V3

280
Q

sensory supply general sensation and taste to posterior 1/3 tongue

A

CN IX

281
Q

Wharton’s duct

A

submandibular duct

282
Q

Stensen’s duct

A

parotid duct

283
Q

spinal cord ends at what level

A

L1-2

284
Q

spinal cord ends at what level in neonates

A

L3

285
Q

LP layers

A
  • Skin
  • Subcutaneous connective tissue - Supraspinous ligament
  • Interspinous ligament
  • Ligamentum flavum
  • Epidural space
  • Dura mater (dural sac)
  • Subarachnoid space (lumbar cistern with CSF)
286
Q

spinothalamic tract

A

sensory - crude touch, pain, temperature

287
Q

dorsal column

A

vibration and proprioception

288
Q

normal ICP

A

7-15mmHg

289
Q

abnormal ICP

A

> 20mmHg

290
Q

scalp nerve supply

A 
GLASS
greater occipital/auricular
lesser occipital
auriculotemporal
supratrochlear
supraorbital
291
Q

trachea levels

A

C6-T5 (bifurcation

292
Q

hyoid bone level

A

C3

293
Q

thyroid cartilage level

A

C4-5

294
Q

cricoid cartilage level

A

C6

295
Q

narrowest site in larynx

A

rima glottidis

296
Q

inferior homonymous quadrantanopia

A

parietal lesion

297
Q

superior homonymous quadrantanopia

A

temporal lesion

298
Q

upper quadrant >lower quadrant bitemporal hemianopia

A

inferior chiasmal compression eg pituitary tumour

299
Q

lower quadrant > upper quadrant bitemporal hemianopia

A

superior chiasmal compressions eg craniopharyngioma

300
Q

foramen ovale contents

A 
OVALE
otic ganglion
V3 - mandibular branch
accessory meningeal artery
lesser petrosal nerve
emissary veins
301
Q

tympanic membrane epithelium

A

stratified squamous

302
Q

earlobe LN drainage

A

superficial cervical nodes

303
Q

which nerve is closely related to MMA that can be damaged during surgery

A

auriculotemporal nerve

304
Q

cerebellopontine angle tumour most likely to affect which CNs

A

CN VII + VIII

305
Q

most anterior structure lung hilum

A

phrenic nerve

306
Q

CN carrying parasympathetic fibred

A

III VII IX X

307
Q

angle of jaw sensory innervation

A

greater auricular nerve C2-3

308
Q

pulmonary artery from which pharyngeal arch

A

6th

309
Q

Facial nerve from which pharyngeal arch

A

2nd

310
Q

Glossopharyngeal nerve from which pharyngeal arch

A

3rd

311
Q

Vagus nerve from which pharyngeal arch

A

Sup laryngeal - 4th

Recurrent laryngeal.- 6th

312
Q

R subclavian from which aortic arch

A

4th

313
Q

Ductus arteriosus from which aortic arch

A

6th

314
Q

Medial foot sensation nerve root

A

L4

315
Q

Dorsal foot sensation nerve root

A

L5

316
Q

Lateral foot sensation nerve root

A

S1

317
Q

Structure that provides most significant direct support to uterus

A

tendon of transverse perineal muscles

318
Q

internal mammary artery branch of?

A

subclavian

319
Q

vertebral arteries a branch of?

A

subclavian

320
Q

Killian’s dehiscence occurs between which muscles?

A

thyropharyngeus + cricopharyngeus (inferior constrictors)

MRCS PART A (18 decks)

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