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From Flashcardlet > Exam 3 Muscles > Flashcards

Exam 3 Muscles Flashcards

0
Q

insertion of external anal sphincter

A

perineal body

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1
Q

origin of external anal sphincter

A

skin and fascia surrounding anus and coccyx via anococygeal ligament

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2
Q

Innervation of external anal sphincter

A

inferior anal nerve

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3
Q

action of external anal sphincter

A

closes anal canal

works with bulbospongiosus to support and fix perineal body

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4
Q

origin of bulbospongiosus

A

male: median raphe, ventral surface of bulb of penis and perineal body
female: perineal body

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5
Q

insertion of bulbospongiosus

A

male: corpora spongiosum and cavernosa and fascia of bulb of penis
female: fascia of corpus cavernosa

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6
Q

innervation of bulbospongiosusf

A

deep branch of perineal nerve, a branch of pudendal nerve

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7
Q

action of bulbospongiosus

A

works with external anal sphincter to support/fix perineal body

male: compresses bulb of penis to expel last drops of urine/semen; assists erection by pushing blood into body of penis and compressing outflow veins
female: “sphincter” of vagina and assists in erection of clitoris

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8
Q

origin of the ischiocavernosus

A

internal surface of ischio-pubic ramus and ischial tuberosity

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9
Q

insertion of ischiocavernosus

A

crus of penis or clitoris

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10
Q

innervation of ischiocavernosus

A

deep branch of perineal nerve, a branch of pudendal nerve

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11
Q

action of ischiocavernosus

A

maintains erection of penis or clitoris by compressing outflow veins and pushing blood into body of penis or clitoris

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12
Q

origin of superficial transverse perineal muscle

A

internal surface of ischio-pubic ramus and ischial tuberosity

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13
Q

insertion of superficial transverse perineal muscle

A

perineal body

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14
Q

innervation of the superficial transverse perineal muscle

A

deep branch of perineal nerve, a branch of pudendal nerve

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15
Q

action of superficial transverse perineal muscle

A

support and fix perineal body (pelvic floor) to support abdominopelvic viscera and resist increased intra-abdominal pressure.

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16
Q

origin of deep transverse perineal muscle

A

internal surface of ischio-pubic ramus and ischial tuberosity

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17
Q

insertion of deep transverse perineal muscle

A

median raphe, perineal body, and external anal sphincter

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18
Q

innervation of deep transverse perineal muscle

A

deep branch of perineal nerve, a branch of pudendal nerve

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19
Q

action of deep transverse perineal muscle

A

support and fix perineal body (pelvic floor) to support abdominopelvic viscera and resist increased intra-abdominal pressure

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20
Q

origin of external urethral sphincter

A

internal surface of ischio-pubic ramus and ischial tuberosity

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21
Q

insertion of external urethral sphincter

A

surrounds urethra; in males, also ascends anterior aspect of prostate
in females, some fibers also enclose vagina (urethrovaginal sphincter)

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22
Q

innervation of external urethral sphincter

A

deep branch of perineal nerve, a branch of pudendal nerve

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23
Q

proximal attachment of obturator internus

A

pelvic surfaces of ilium and ischium; obturator membrane

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24
Q

distal attachment of obturator internus

A

greater trochanter of femur

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25
Q

innervation of obturator internus

A

nerve to obturator internus

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26
Q

action of obturator internus

A

rotates this laterally; assists in hold head of femur in acetabulum

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27
Q

proximal attachment of piriformis

A

pelvic surface of 2nd and 4th sacral segments: superior margin of greater sciatic notch and sacrotuberous ligament

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28
Q

distal attachment of piriformis

A

greater trochanter of femur

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29
Q

innervation of piriformis

A

ventral rami of S1 & S2 (N2OI)

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30
Q

action of piriformis

A

rotates thigh laterally
abducts thigh
assists in holding head of femur in acetabulum

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31
Q

origin of Levator ani

A

body of pubis, tendinous arch of obturator fascia, and ischial spine

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32
Q

distal attachment of levator ani

A

perineal body, coccyx, anococcyeal ligament, walls of prostate or vagina, rectum, and anal canal

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33
Q

innervation of levator ani

A

Nerve to levator ani (branches of S4) and inferior anal (rectal) nerve and coccygeal plexus

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34
Q

action of levator ani

A

helps support the pelvic viscera and resists increases in intra-abdominal pressure

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35
Q

origin of coccygeus

A

ischial spine

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36
Q

distal attachment of coccygeus

A

inferior end of sacrum

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37
Q

innervation of coccygeus

A

branches of S4 & S5 nerves

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38
Q

proximal attachment of gluteus maximus

A

ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line, dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx, and sacrotuberous ligament

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39
Q

distal attachment of gluteus maximus

A

most fibers end in iliotibial tract that inserts into lateral condyle of tibia; some fibers insert on gluteal tuberosity of femur

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40
Q

innervation of gluteus maximus

A

inferior gluteal nerve

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41
Q

action of gluteus maximus

A

extends thigh (esp. from flexed position) and assists in its lateral rotation; steadies thigh and assists in rising from sitting position.

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42
Q

proximal attachment of gluteus medius

A

external surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

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43
Q

distal attachment of gluteus medius

A

lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur

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44
Q

innervation of gluteus medius

A

superior gluteal nerve

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45
Q

action of gluteus medius

A

abducts and medially rotates thigh; keep pelvis level when opposite leg is raised.

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46
Q

proximal attachment of gluteus minimus

A

external surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

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47
Q

distal attachment of gluteus minimus

A

anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur

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48
Q

innervation of gluteus minimus

A

superior gluteal nerve

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49
Q

action of gluteus minimus

A

abducts and medially rotates thigh; keeps pelvis level when opposite leg is raised.

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50
Q

proximal attachment of piriformis

A

anterior surface of sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament

51
Q

distal attachment of piriformis

A

superior border of greater trochanter of femur

52
Q

innervation of piriformis

A

branches of ventral rami of S1 & S2

53
Q

action of piriformis

A

laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh; steady femoral head in acetabulum

54
Q

proximal attachment of oburator internus

A

pelvic surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bones

55
Q

distal attachment of obturator internus

A

medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of femur

56
Q

innervation of oburator internus

A

Nerve to obturator internus

57
Q

action of obturator internus

A

laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh; steady femoral head in acetabulum

58
Q

proximal attachment of superior and inferior gemelli

A

superior: ischial spine

inferior : ischial tuberosity

59
Q

distal attachment of superior and inferior gemelli

A

medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of femur

60
Q

innervation of superior and inferior gemilli

A

nerve to oburator internus; superior gemellus: same nerve supply as obturator internus
inferior gemellus: same nerve supply as quadratus femoris

61
Q

main action of superior and inferior gemellus

A

laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh; steady femoral head in acetabulum

62
Q

proximal attachment of quadratus femoris

A

lateral border of ischial tuberosity

63
Q

distal attachment of quadratus femoris

A

quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest of femur and area inferior to itt

64
Q

innervation of quadratus femoris

A

nerve to quadratus femoris

65
Q

action of quadratus femoris

A

laterally rotates thigh, steadies femoral head in acetabulum

66
Q

proximal attachment rectus femoris

A

anterior inferior iliac spine and ilium superior to acetabulum

67
Q

distal attachment of rectus femoris

A

base of patella and by patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

68
Q

innervation of rectus femoris

A

femoral nerve

69
Q

action of rectus femoris

A

extend leg at knee joint; rectus femoris also steadies hip joint and helps iliopsoas to flex thigh

70
Q

proximal attachment of vastus lateralis

A

greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera of femur

71
Q

distal attachment of vastus lateralis

A

base of patella and by patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

72
Q

innervation of vastus lateralis

A

femoral nerve

73
Q

action of vastus lateralis

A

extend leg at knee joint

74
Q

proximal attachment of vastus medialis

A

interochteric line and medial lip of linea aspera of femur

75
Q

distal attachment of vastus medialis

A

base of patella and by patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

76
Q

innervation of vastus medialis

A

femoral nerve

77
Q

action of vastus medialis

A

extend leg at knee joint

78
Q

proximal attachment of vastus intermedius

A

anterior and lateral surfaces of body of femur

79
Q

distal attachment of vastus intermedius

A

base of patella and by patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

80
Q

innervation of vastus intermedius

A

femoral nerve

81
Q

action of vastus intermedius

A

extend leg at knee joint

82
Q

proximal attachment of pectineus

A

superior ramus of pubis

83
Q

distal attachment of pectineus

A

pectineal line of femur, just inferior to lesser trochanter

84
Q

innervation of pectineus

A

femoral nerve; may receive a branch from obturator nerve

85
Q

action of pectineus

A

adducts and flexes thigh; assists with medial rotation of thigh

86
Q

proximal attachment of psoas major

A

sides of T12-L5 vertebrae and discs between them; transverse processes of all lumbar vertebrae

87
Q

distal attachment of psoas major

A

lesser trochanter of femur

88
Q

innervation of psoas major

A

ventral rami of lumbar nerves

89
Q

action of psoas major

A

act conjointly in flexing thigh at hip joint and in stabilizing this joint

90
Q

proximal attachment of psoas minor

A

sides of T12-L1 vertebrae and intervertebral discs

91
Q

distal attachment

A

pectineal line, iliopectineal eminence via illiopectineal arch

92
Q

innervation of psoas minor

A

ventral rami of lumbar nerves

93
Q

action of psoas minor

A

act conjointly in flexing thigh at hip joint and in stabilizing this joint

94
Q

proximal attachment of iliacus

A

iliac fossa of ilium

95
Q

distal attachment of iliacus

A

lesser trochanter of femur

96
Q

innervation of iliacus

A

femoral nerve

97
Q

action of iliacus

A

act conjointly in flexing thigh at hip joint and in stabilizing this joint

98
Q

proximal attachment of tensor fascia lata

A

ASIS and ant. part of iliac crest

99
Q

distal attachment of tensor fascia lata

A

iliotibial tract that attaches to lateral condyle of tibia

100
Q

innervation of tensor fascia lata

A

superior gluteal nerve

101
Q

action of tensor fascia lata

A

abducts, medially rotates, and flexes thigh; helps to keep knee extended; steadies trunk on thigh

102
Q

proximal attachment of sartoris

A

asis and sup. part of notch inferior to it.

103
Q

distal attachment of sartorious

A

superior part of medial surface of tibia

104
Q

innervation of Sartorious

A

Femoral nerve

105
Q

action of Sartorious

A

flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint; flexes leg at knew joint.

106
Q

proximal attachment of adductor longus

A

body of pubis inferior to pubic crest

107
Q

distal attachment of adductor longus

A

middle third of linea aspera of femur

108
Q

innervation of adductor longus

A

obturator nerve, branch of anterior division

109
Q

action of adductor longus

A

adducts thigh

110
Q

proximal attachment of adductor brevis

A

body and inferior ramus of pubis

111
Q

distal attachment of adductor brevis

A

pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera of femur

112
Q

innervation of adductor brevis

A

obturator nerve, branch of anterior division

113
Q

action of adductor brevis

A

adducts thigh and to some extent flexes it

114
Q

proximal attachment of adductor magnus

A

adductor part: inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium

Hamstrings part: ischial tuberosity

115
Q

distal attachment of adductor magnus

A

adductor part: gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar lin
Hamstrings part: adductor tubercle of femur

116
Q

innervation of adductor magnus

A

adductor part: obturator nerve, branches of posterior division
Hamstrings part: tibial part of sciatic nerve

117
Q

action of adductor magnus

A

adducts thigh
Adductor part: flexes thigh
Hamstrings part: extends thigh

118
Q

proximal attachment of gracilis

A

body and inferior ramus of pubis

119
Q

distal attachment of gracilis

A

superior part of medial surface of tibia

120
Q

innervation of gracilis

A

obturator nerve

121
Q

action of gracilis

A

adducts thigh, flexes leg, and helps rotate it medially

122
Q

proximal attachment of obturator externus

A

margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane

123
Q

distal attachment of obturator externus

A

trochanteric fossa of femur

124
Q

innervation of obturator externus

A

obturator nerve

125
Q

action of obturator externus

A

laterally rotates thigh; steadies head of femur in acetabulum

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