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CNA > Unit 6 > Flashcards

Unit 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Occurs when the blood vessels in the coronary arteries narrow which results in reduced blood flow to the heart muscle and deprives it of oxygen and nutrients. Can lead to MI or CVA

A

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

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2
Q

What are the symptoms of CAD?

A

Angina pectoris, shortness of breath, edema or swelling (usually in legs and feet), and poor circulation

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3
Q

Occurs when all or part of the blood flow to the heart is blocked due to a blood clot or plaque. This prevents that part of the heart from receiving oxygen or nutrients and that area dies

A

Myocardial Infarct (MI)

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4
Q

Occurs when the heart muscle cannot pump the blood normally

A

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

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5
Q

What causes CHF?

A

MI, hypertension, valve problems, anything that damages the heart muscle

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6
Q

What are a CNA’s responsibilities with a resident who has CHF?

A

I&O, weigh daily, fluid restrictions, and exercise.

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7
Q

A progressive lung disease people live with

A

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

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8
Q

What are the two types of COPD?

A

Chronic bronchitis and emphysema

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9
Q

Inflammation of the lining of the bronchi

A

Chronic bronchitis (although it can be an acute condition)

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10
Q

Chronic incurable lung disease characterized by overstretched lung sacs

A

Emphysema

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11
Q

A chronic disorder caused by irritants such as pollen, dust, or cold air.

A

Asthma

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12
Q

Infection of the lung sometimes caused by aspiration

A

Pneumonia

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13
Q

What are the symptoms of pneumonia?

A

High fever, cough, SOB, rapid pulse, chills, may cough up sputum, and wheezing

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14
Q

A highly contagious disease caused by bacteria carried on droplets in the air

A

Tuberculosis (TB)

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15
Q

A hereditary disease causing progressive weakness and loss of muscle mass

A

Muscular dystrophy

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16
Q

Blood supply to area of brain is interrupted for a short time

A

Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)

17
Q

When a blood vessel ruptures or blood clot obstructs blood flow to the brain

A

Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or stroke

18
Q

A progressive disease that affects the way the impulses are transmitted to and from the brain

A

Multiple sclerosis

19
Q

Infection of the middle ear

A

Otitis media

20
Q

Inner ear infection

A

Meniere’s disease

21
Q

A blind spot in the center of vision

A

Macular degeneration

22
Q

Type of mood disorder that causes pain, fatigue, apathy, sadness, irritability, anxiety, sleeplessness, and loss of appetite

A

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

23
Q

A type of mood disorder that causes mood swings, changes in energy levels, and ability to function.

A

Bipolar disorder

24
Q

False or distorted sensory perceptions

A

Hallucinations

25
Q

Persistent false beliefs

A

Delusions

26
Q

The inability to think clearly, could have trouble focusing and feels disoriented

A

Confusion

27
Q

The loss of cognitive function caused by changes in the brain and interfere with a person’s mental abilities and social activites

A

Dementia

28
Q

A brain disease that causes gradual loss of short term memory

A

Alzheimer’s Disease

29
Q

Bladder infection

A

Cystitis

30
Q

Kidney infection

A

Pyelonephritis

31
Q

Care given to people who have serious disease or who are dying that emphasizes relieving pain, controlling symptoms, and preventing side effects

A

Palliative care

32
Q

Legal documents that allow people to choose what medical care they wish to have if they are unable to make those decisions themselves

A

Advance directives

33
Q

What are the symptoms of hypoglycemia (low blood glucose)?

A

Shaky, fast heartbeat, sweating, dizzy, anxious, hungry, blurry vision, weakness or fatigue, headache, and irritable.

34
Q

What are the symptoms of hyperglycemia (high blood glucose)?

A

Extreme thirst, need to urinate often, dry skin, hungry, blurry vision, drowsy, and slow-healing wounds.

CNA (6 decks)

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