10.3

Question 1

chemical senses

Answer 1

taste and smell

Question 2

lingual papillae (back to front)

Answer 2

vallate-filiform, foliate, fungiform

Question 3

taste cells mixed with

Answer 3

nonsensory supportive cells and unspecialized basal cells

Question 4

taste pore

Answer 4

at apex of taste bud; taste hairs project here

Question 5

tastants

Answer 5

food chemicals that dissolve in saliva and flow into taste pore to reach taste hairs

Question 6

neuron or epithelial? (taste cells)

Answer 6

epithelial cells with synaptic vesicles at base of cell that release neurotransmitter and stimulate adjacent nerve fiber

Question 7

bitter

Answer 7

organic alkaloid cpds such as nicotine, caffeine, and quinine; plant toxins and spoiled foods

Question 8

Taste nerves

Answer 8

V (trigeminal), VII (facial), IX (glossopharyngeal), and X (vagal)

Question 9

basal cells

Answer 9

replace dead taste cells (cellular division)

Question 10

supporting cells

Answer 10

structure

Question 11

postcentral gyrus

Answer 11

of cerebrum; for conscious sense of taste; receive things you perceive

Question 12

hypothalamus

Answer 12

controls autonomic reflexes (salivation, gagging, and vomiting)

Question 13

olfactory mucosa

Answer 13

in roof of nasal cavity; detect aodorants ; patch of sensory epithelium