1.03: Epithelium

Question 1

Tight Junctions

Answer 1

Occluding Juctional complexes
- fuses the outside of adjacent membranes
- most apical of the cell junctions

Question 2

Adherens Junction

Answer 2

Anchoring Junctions
- inferior to tight junction
- important or later adhesions, connects cytoskeletons
- encircles the cell

Question 3

Desmosomes

Answer 3

Anchoring Junctions
- provides spot like, localized adhesion b/w epithelial cells
- don’t encircle the cell

Question 4

Gap junctions

Answer 4

Communicating Junctions
- allows diffusion via hexameric channels called connexons
- dont anchor to cytoskeleton

Question 5

Hemidesmosomes

Answer 5

Anchoring Junctional complex
- basal surface
- anchors cytoskeleton of cell to basement membrane

Question 6

What are the 2 layers and types of collagen associated with each layer

Answer 6

• basal lamina: type 4 collagen
• reticular lamina: type 3 collagen

Question 7

Order of layers of basement membrane

Answer 7

Basal on top, reticular on bottom

Question 8

skin: arrangement + function

Answer 8

• stratified squamos
• mechanical protection

Question 9

lungs: arrangement + function

Answer 9

• simple squamos
• diffusion/lubrication

Question 10

kidney/glands: arrangement + function

Answer 10

• simple cuboidal
• absorption/secretion

Question 11

bladder: arrangement + function

Answer 11

• transitional
• stretch

Question 12

glands: arrangement + function

Answer 12

• myoepithelial cells
• contractilility

Question 13

nasal cavity: arrangement + function

Answer 13

• pseudostratified columnar
• sensation/receptors, rapid regneration + replacement of cells

Question 14

Surface epithelium function

Answer 14

covers external surfaces, lines hollow organs, body cavities, and ducts

Question 15

types/location of surface epithelium

Answer 15

• cutaneous membranes
• mucous and serous membranes
• lining of cardiovascular system

Question 16

glandular epithelium function

Answer 16

forms secretory portions of glands

Question 17

3 primary germ layers

Answer 17

ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm

Question 18

ectoderm forms…..

Answer 18

epidermis, oral cavity, anal canal

Question 19

mesoderm forms…

Answer 19

mesothelium of body cavities, endothelium of blood vessels, epithelium of kidneys

Question 20

endoderm forms….

Answer 20

lining of respiratory tract, lining of digestive tract, epithelium of thyroid

Question 21

simple squamous epithelium specific locations

Answer 21

• endothelium
• endocardium
• mesothelium of body cavities
• bowmans capsule of kidney
• wall of respiratory spaces in lungs

Question 22

simple cuboidal specific locations

Answer 22

• kidney tubules
• thyroid follicles
• secretory portion of glands
• small ducts of exocrine glands

Question 23

simple columnar specific locations

Answer 23

• contain goblet cells, microvilli, or cilia
• stomach, small intestine, colon
• gallbladder + fallopian tubes

Question 24

pseudostratified columnar locations

Answer 24

• abundant with goblet cells
• trachea + nasal cavity

Question 25

stratified squamous locations

Answer 25

- epidermis - oral cavity, esophagus - vagina

Question 26

stratified cuboidal locations

Answer 26

- sweat gland ducts - large ducts of exocrine glands

Question 27

stratified columnar locations

Answer 27

- large ducts of exocrine glands (salivary)

Question 28

transitional epithelium locations

Answer 28

- renal calyces, ureters, bladder, urethra

Question 29

merocrine secretion

Answer 29

membrane bound vesicles, exocytosis

Question 30

apocrine secretion

Answer 30

products bud off and is released with a thin layer of cytoplasm

Question 31

holocrine secretion

Answer 31

membrane rupture also releasing cell debris

Question 32

endocrine glands

Answer 32

secrete hormones into blood vessels via connective tissue

Question 33

paracrine signaling

Answer 33

secretion impacts surrounding cells (blood vessel lining)

Question 34

autocrine signaling

Answer 34

secretion impacts the same cell

Question 35

Theca

Answer 35

expanded apical region of goblet cell

Question 36

simple tubular gland

Answer 36

intestines

Question 37

simple branched tubular

Answer 37

gastric glands

Question 38

simple coiled tubular

Answer 38

sweat glands

Question 39

simple branched acinar

Answer 39

sebaceous glands

Question 40

compound tubular

Answer 40

Brunner's glands

Question 41

Compound acinar

Answer 41

mammary glands

Question 42

compound tubuloacinar

Answer 42

salivary

Question 43

inactive mammary glands

Answer 43

mostly ducts

Question 44

active mammary glands

Answer 44

lobules increase, stroma is less prominent, lactiferous ducts converge at nipple