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Pharmacology > Pharm 1 > Flashcards

Pharm 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Drugs which in overdose cause hypoglycaemia

A

Salicycates(aspirin)
Propranolol
Sod Valproate

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2
Q

How does amphotericin work

A

It binds to ergosterol and forms micropres which then allows water to come into fungi and kill them
Only IV form so for severe fungal infections

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3
Q

Withdrawal of what causes agitation, confusion, hallucinations, Hypersalivation, diarrhoea

A

Heroin

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4
Q

What overdose do you give IV sodium bicarbonate for?

A

TCA( amitrphylltine) . Indications, significant qacidosis, QRS >100ms, Reduced GCS

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5
Q

What anti arrythmkc drugs to avoid in asthma

A

Bisoprololol obvs

Sdebosojne should be avoided because of risk of bronchospasms

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6
Q

When should verapamil be avoided in

A

Tachycardias with broad qrs

Wolff parksinon white syndrome

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7
Q

What should flecabide be avoided in

A

Avoided in patients with a history of mibas it may precipitate VF

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8
Q

Overdose of what causes acute dystonia shaking of neck

A

Antiemetics such as metoclopramide

Antipsychotics

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9
Q

How does wallenburg syndrome present

A

Lateral medullarly syndrome
Affects the PICA

Causes ipsilateral pain and numbness on face
Ipsilateral Horner syndrome and nystagmus
And contralateral pain in temperature sensory loss

Can also get poor coordination and falling towards the side of the lesion

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10
Q

Side effects of topiramate as an anti-epileptic can be

A

Weight loss renal stones behaviour changes

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11
Q

Side effects of phenytoin

A

Ataxia peripheral neuropathy osteo Malaysia gum hypertrophy and facial hair growth

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12
Q

Treatment first line of juvenile myoclonus epilepsy

A

Sodium valproate very effective 90% become seizure free

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13
Q

Causes of a compressive third nerve palsy

A

Posterior communicating artery aneurysm

Different from posterior inferior cerebellar artery which is involved in lateral medullary syndrome

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14
Q

What are tree is affected in lateral medullary

A

Posterior inferior cerebellar artery

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15
Q

What is the time limit to treat Bell’s palsy

A

72 hours to treat it with steroids

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16
Q

The best differentiator for a seizure over pseudoseizure

A

Tongue biting on the lateral surface
Better than urinary incontinence
Another way is measuring serum prolactin during the immediate 30-minutes post ictal
Proper seizures have a rise in serum prolactin where as you diseases do not what

17
Q

Safest antiepileptic to use in pregnancy

A

Lamotrigine

18
Q

What is the mnemonic to remember the visual field defects in temporal lobe and parietal lobe lesions

A

PITS

PARIETAL EQUALS INFERIOR HOMONYMOUS QUADRANTANOPIA AND TEMPORAL EQUALS SUPERIOR QUADRANTANOPIA HOMONYMOUS

19
Q

Th which side of vision is affected with a temporal lobe

A

Causes a contralateral lesion superior quadrantanopia

20
Q

Prophylactic agents for cluster headaches

A

Verapamil and lithium

21
Q

Symptoms of hemi section of spinal cord

Also called

A

Brown saccade syndrome

22
Q

Symptoms of hemi section of spinal cord

A

Ipsilateral paralysis with increased reflexes
Ipsilateral loss of vibration and proprioception
Contralateral loss of pain and temperature sensation

23
Q

Treatment of trigeminal neuralgia

A

Carba mazepin

24
Q

What are extensor plantars

A

Extensor plantars is a positive babinski reflex when you stroke the sole of the foot there is extension of the toes

25
Q

Causes of upper and lower motor neurone lesions which present at the same time

A

Motor neurondisease
Vitamin b12 deficiency causing subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord
Friedreich’s ataxia
Conus medullaris

26
Q

Inter nuclear ophthalmoplegia. What does it present

A

Presents as failure of adduction in one eye and contralateral gaze evoked nystagmus

The side of the INO or site of lesion is ipsilateral to that of adduction failure- i.e. If right eye can’t adduct and then left eye gets nystagmus it is a RIGHT MEDIAL LONGITUDINAL FASCICULUS ISSUE.

27
Q

Inter nuclear ophthalmoplegia. What does it present

A

Presents as nystagmus in one eye I and the other I failing to add duct

For example if there is a lesion in the left medial longitudinal fasciculus
The right I would abduct and signal to the left eye to duct but it doesn’t so there is nystagmus the right eye

Pharmacology (5 decks)

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