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General 2 > Extramural Glands Of Digestive System > Flashcards

Extramural Glands Of Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

Extramural glands of digestive system

A

Salivary glands
Liver
Gallbladder
Pancreas

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2
Q

Function of amylase

A

Dissolves starch

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3
Q

Defensive secretions of salivary glands

A

IgA
Lysozyme
Lactoferrin

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4
Q

Basic cells of the liver

A

Hepatocytes

Kupffer cells

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5
Q

Most versatile cell

A

Hepatocytes

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6
Q

What is a Kupffer cell

A

A macrophage

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7
Q

Macrophages are from

A

Monocytes (from bone marrow)

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8
Q

Proteins synthesize by hepatocytes

A

Albumin
Complement proteins
Thrombopoietin
Angiotensinogen

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9
Q

Protein that maintains blood osmotic pressure

A

Albumin

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10
Q

Protein synthesized by hepatocytes for immunity

A

Complement proteins
C3b (opsonin)
C5b (membrane attack complex)

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11
Q

Protein for platelet formation

A

Thrombopoietin

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12
Q

Hormone for RAAS

A

Angiotensinogen

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13
Q

Antigen-presenting cells

A

Dendritic cell
B-cell
Macrophage

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14
Q

B-cells becomes plasma cells

T/F

A

True

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15
Q

Plasma cells creates antibodies specific to certain antigen and binds to it

A

Antigen-Antibody complex

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16
Q

APC presents to the

A

CD4 T-helper

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17
Q

Accumulation of C3b

A

Opsonization

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18
Q

Hepatic portal vein is from

A

Superior mesenteric vein

Splenic vein

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19
Q

What are the portal triad

A

Portal vein
Hepatic artery
Bile duct

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20
Q

What arr sinusoids

A

Highly porous capillaries

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21
Q

Sinusoids in liver

A

Hepatic sinusoids- capillary with pores

22
Q

Space between hepatic sinusoids and hepatocytes

A

Space of disse

23
Q

Most permeable capillaries

A

Sinusoids from Liver

24
Q

Bile is produced in what organ

A

Liver

25
Q

Vitamin K dependent clotting factors produced by the liver are

A

2, 7, 9 and 10

26
Q

Epithelial lining of gallbladder

A

Simple columnar epithelium with microvilli

27
Q

Functions of gallbladder

A

Storage and excretion of bile

28
Q

Gallbladder releases bile in response to what hormones

A

CCK (main)
Secretin
Gastrin

29
Q

What gland is found in gallbladder

A

Gland of Luschka

30
Q

What part of pancreas has an exocrine function

A

Head part

31
Q

Important structures of pancreas

A

Wirsungs duct
Duct of santorini
Sphincter of Oddi
Hepatopancreatic duct

32
Q

Effect of pancreas when stimulated by secretin

A

Pancreas secretes alkaline mucus

33
Q

Effect on pancreas when stimulated by CCK

A

Pancreas secretes pancreatic enzymes

34
Q

Pancreatic acinar cells release

A
  1. Pancreatic lipase
  2. Amylase
  3. Trypsinogen/trypsin
  4. Chymotrypsinogen
  5. Elastase
  6. Carboxypeptidase
  7. Aminopeptidase
  8. Nuclease
35
Q

Pancreatic enzymes that breaks down protein

A 
Chymotrypsinogen
Elastase
Carboxypeptidase
Aminopeptidase
Nuclease
36
Q

Function of pancreatic lipase

A

Breaks down fats

37
Q

Function of amylase

A

Breaks down starch

38
Q

Function of trypsinogen

A

Breaks down protein

39
Q

Amylase is produced in

A

Salivary gland

Pancreas (main)

40
Q

Graveyard of old RBC

A

Spleen

41
Q

Condition with hyperbilirubinemia

A

Jaundice (icterus)

42
Q

Accumulation of iron

A

Hemosiderin

43
Q

Color of hemosiderin

A

Yellow
Brown
Black

44
Q

Hemoglobin if broken down

A

Heme

Globin

45
Q

Heme if broken down

A

Iron

Porphyrin

46
Q

Color of Porphyrin

A

Red

47
Q

Color of biliverdin

A

Green

48
Q

Color of unconjugated bilirubin

A

Yellow green

49
Q

Color of stercobilin

A

Brown *stool

50
Q

Color of urobilin

A

Yellow *urine

51
Q

Unconjugated bilirubin enters liver

A

Converted to conjugated bilirubin (bile)

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