DNA and stuff

Question 1

What is inheritance

Answer 1

Inheritanceis thetransmission of genetic information from generation to generation

Question 2

where are chromosomes located

Answer 2

Chromosomesare located in thenucleusof cells

Question 3

What are chromosomes

Answer 3

They arethread-like structures of DNA, carrying genetic information in the form of genes

Question 4

what are genes

Answer 4

Ageneis a short length ofDNAfound on a chromosome thatcodes for a specific protein
This could be a structural protein such as collagen found in skin cells, an enzyme or a hormone
Genes control our characteristics as they code for proteins that play important roles in what our cells do

Question 5

What are alleles

Answer 5

Allelesaredifferent versions of a particular gene. The ABO gene for blood group type has three alleles,IA, IBandIO

Question 6

Simple definition of a gene

Answer 6

Genes are short lengths of DNA that code for a protein. They are found on chromosomes

Question 7

how many chromosomes in human

Answer 7

All humans have23 different chromosomesin each cell
In most body cells, not including the gametes (sex cells), we have 2 copies of each chromosome, leading to a total of46 chromosomes

Question 8

Nuclei and Gametes

Answer 8

Nuclei with two sets of chromosomes are known asdiploid nuclei
Thegametes(egg and sperm cells) only have one copy of each chromosome, meaning they have atotal of 23 chromosomesin each cell
Nuclei with one set of unpaired chromosomes are known ashaploid nuclei

Question 9

XY and XX chromosomes

Answer 9

Sex is determined by anentire chromosome pair(as opposed to most other characteristics that are just determined by one or a number of genes)
Femaleshave the sex chromosomesXX
Maleshave the sex chromosomesXY
As only a father can pass on a Y chromosome, he isresponsible for determining the sex of the child