Motivation

Question 1

An internal tension that results from being overrewarded or underrewarded relative to some comparison other.

Answer 1

Equity Distress

Question 2

A reevaluation of the inputs an employee brings to a job, often occurring in response to equity distress.

Answer 2

Cognitive Distortion

Question 3

Positive or negative feelings that can help or hinder task accomplishment.

Answer 3

Emotional Cues

Question 4

The capability to perform work tasks successfully.

Answer 4

Competence

Question 5

In job characteristics theory, it refers to the degree to which the job itself provides information about how well the job holder is doing. In goal setting theory, it refers to progress updates on work goals.

Answer 5

Feedback

Question 6

A theory that describes the cognitive process employees go through to make choices among different voluntary responses.

Answer 6

Expectancy Theory

Question 7

An energy rooted in the belief that tasks are contributing to some larger purpose.

Answer 7

Psychological Empowerment

Question 8

The degree to which a person accepts a goal and is determined to reach it.

Answer 8

Goal Commitment

Question 9

Pep talks that lead employees to believe that they can “get the job done.”

Answer 9

Verbal Persuasion

Question 10

The belief that successful performance will result in the attainment of some outcomes.

Answer 10

Instrumentality

Question 11

Learning plans and problem-solving approaches used to achieve successful performance.

Answer 11

Task Strategies

Question 12

Comparing oneself to someone in a different company.

Answer 12

External Comparison

Question 13

Comparing oneself to someone in the same company.

Answer 13

Internal Comparison

Question 14

Groupings or clusters of outcomes viewed as having critical psychological or physiological consequences.

Answer 14

Needs

Question 15

Captures the value of a work goal or purpose, relative to a person’s own ideals and passions.

Answer 15

Meaningfulness

Question 16

The anticipated value of the outcomes associated with successful performance.

Answer 16

Valence

Question 17

The belief that a person has the capabilities needed to perform the behaviors required on some task.

Answer 17

Self-efficacy

Question 18

Desire to put forth work effort due to the sense that task performance serves as its own reward.

Answer 18

Intrinsic Motivation

Question 19

The sense that a person’s actions “make a difference”—that progress is being made toward fulfilling some important purpose.

Answer 19

Impact

Question 20

The idea that money can have symbolic value (e.g, achievement, respect, freedom) in addition to economic value.

Answer 20

Meaning of Money

Question 21

Another person who provides a frame of reference for judging equity.

Answer 21

Comparison Other

Question 22

A theory that views goals as the primary drivers of the intensity and persistence of effort.

Answer 22

Goal Setting Theory

Question 23

Goals that stretch an employee to perform at his or her maximum level while still staying within the boundaries of his or her ability.

Answer 23

Specific and Difficult Goals

Question 24

A sense of choice in the initiation and continuation of work tasks.

Answer 24

Self-determination

Question 25

A theory that suggests that employees create a mental ledger of the outcomes they receive for their job inputs, relative to some comparison other.

Answer 25

Equity Theory

Question 26

Desire to put forth work effort due to some contingency that depends on task performance.

Answer 26

Extrinsic Motivation

Question 27

The level of success or failure with similar job tasks in the past.

Answer 27

Past Accomplishments

Question 28

The belief that exerting a high level of effort will result in successful performance on some task.

Answer 28

Expectancy

Question 29

A set of energetic forces that determine the direction, intensity, and persistence of an employee’s work effort.

Answer 29

Motivation

Question 30

Acronym that stands for Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Results-Based, Time-Sensitive goals.

Answer 30

S.M.A.R.T. Goals

Question 31

A term commonly used in the contemporary workplace to summarize motivation levels.

Answer 31

Engagement

Question 32

Observations of and discussions with others who have performed some work task.

Answer 32

Vicarious Experiences

Question 33

The degree to which the information and actions needed to complete a task are complicated.

Answer 33

Task Complexity

Question 34

The internalized goals that people use to monitor their own progress.

Answer 34

Self-set Goals