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Mycology > Introduction > Flashcards

Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

General Characteristics of Fungi

A 
Eukaryotic
Nonmotile
Achlorophyllous
Chitin in Cell Wall
Ergosterol in Cell Membrane
Chemoheterotrophic
Saprophytic in natures
Obligate and facultative aerobes
Asexual and sexual spores for reproduction
Dimorphic
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2
Q

Founder of Scientific Mycology

A

Pier Antonio Mitcheli

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3
Q

Father of Modern Taxonomy of Mushrooms

A

Elias Magnus Fries

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4
Q

Christian Handrik Persoon

A

Father of Systemic Mycology

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5
Q

Father of Medical Mycology

A

Raymond Saboraud

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6
Q

Two Forms of Fungi

A

Yeast

Molds

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7
Q

This forms “pseudo hyphae” through budding

A

Yeast

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8
Q

These are multicellular filamentous organisms forming branching cylindrical tubules

A

Molds

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9
Q

Colonial Morphology of Yeast

A

Moist, Creamy, Opaque, Pasty

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10
Q

Colonial Morphology of Molds

A

Fluffy, Cottony, Wool, Powdery and Granular

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11
Q

Basic structural unit of Molds or the thallus

A

Hyphae

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12
Q

Septate Hypha

A

divides cells by cross walls or transverse walls

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13
Q

Aseptate Hypha

A

Multinucleated; without division or cross walls

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14
Q

Spiral Hypha

A

Coiled hypha

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15
Q

Nodular Hypha

A

Knots of twisted Hypha

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16
Q

Raquet Hypha

A

Club shaped

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17
Q

Pectinate Hypha

A

Broken comb appearance

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18
Q

Favic Hypha

A

Antler shaped hypha like deers

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19
Q

Pheoid Hyphae

A

With melanin pigments

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20
Q

Hyaline Hyphae

A

Without pigment in cell wall

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21
Q

Mycelia

A

Formed from accumulation during growth of intertwined hyphae

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22
Q

Two Types of Mycelia

A

Vegetative Mycelia: Thallus; Penetrates the medium and grows below the surface
Aerial Mycelia: Reproductive part; growth above the surface

23
Q

Fertile Mycelia

A

Bears the reproductive structure, conidia or sporangia and produces spores

24
Q

Differentiate.

Saprophytic Fungi vs. Parasitic Fungi

A

Saprophytic Fungi feeds DEAD organisms/tissues

Parasitic fungi feeds LIVING organisms/tissues

25
Q

Ability of Fungi to changes its structure, from molds to yeast (vice versa) based on different or changed in temperatures.

A

Dimorphism

26
Q

True or False.
Yeast Form - 22 - 30C (ambient temperature)
Mold form - 30 - 37C (human tissues or body)

A

False.
Mold Form - 22 - 30C (ambient temperature)
Yeast form - 30 - 37C (human tissues or body)

27
Q

This causes poisoning from grains wheat and ryes causing degeneration of capillaries and neurologic impairment

A

Agent: Ergot
Poisoning: Ergotism

28
Q

Fungi Imperfecti

A

Asexual spore reproduction, no known sexual stage

29
Q

Perfect Fungi

A

Sexual spore reproduction

30
Q

Types of Reproduction

A

Sexual reproduction - perfect fungi

Asexual Reproduction - imperfect fungi

31
Q

Enumerate Asexual Spores

A
  1. Thallospores: Arthrospores, Blastospores, Chlamydospores.

2. Conidia: Microconidia, Macroconidia

32
Q

Asexual production based on FRAGMENTATION at the end of the Hyphae or at point of septation

A

Arthrospores/Arthroconidia

33
Q

Asexual production due to budding of cell

A

Blastospores/Blastoconidia

34
Q

Asexual production formed by enlargement or swelling of the hyphae

A

Chlamydospores/Chlamydoconidia

35
Q

Thallospores

A

Asexual spore reproduction directly from the Hyphae or the thallus (body) itself.

36
Q

Phialides

A

Conidiaspores terminate in a swollen vesicle, appearing in “flasked shaped projections”

37
Q

Sporangiospores

A

Spores formed within a large sac-like structure, sporangium.

38
Q

Plasmogamy

A

Joining of two cells and fusion of their protoplast

39
Q

Karyogamy

A

Two haploid nuclei of two cells fuse and form diploid nucleus

40
Q

Gametangia

A

Sex organelles

41
Q

True or False.
Male gametangia - OOGONIUM
Female gametangia - ANTHERIDIUM

A

False.
Female gametangia - OOGONIUM
Male gametangia - ANTHERIDIUM

42
Q

Sexual Spores

A

Formed by nuclear fusion that undergo sexual spore reproduction called as Perfect Fungi

43
Q

Sexual Spores

A

Ascospores - produced in ASCUS (sac-like structure)
Basidiospores - formed from BASIDIUM (end club shaped structure)
Zygospores - conjugation of identical cells by its two hyphal tips
Oospores - formed within OOGONIUM

44
Q

Zygomycetes

A

Hyphae: Sparsely Septate Hyphae
Asexual reproduction: Sporangiospores
Sexual reproduction: Zygospores

45
Q

Ascomycetes

A

Hyphae: True septate Hyphae
Sexual spores: Ascospores
Asexual spores: Conidia

46
Q

Basdiomycetes

A

Sexual spores: Basdiospores

47
Q

Deuteromycetes

A

No sexual reproduction

Asexual spores: Conidia

48
Q

This toxins from spoiled grains, and peanuts causes hepatic carcinoma and liver damage

A

Toxins: Aflatoxins (B1)
Agent: Aspergillus flavus
Disease: Aflatoxicoses

49
Q

Five Categories of Mycoses

A 
Superficial Mycoses
Subcutaneous Mycoses
Cutaneous Mycoses
Systemic Mycoses
Opportunistic Mycoses
50
Q

Which of the following terms is best described as the
process of reproduction in yeast that begins with a
weakening and outpouching of the yeast cell wall
and then formation of a cell wall septum between
the mother and daughter yeast cells?
a. Binary fission
b. Unisexual division
c. Budding
d. Outpouch germing

A

c. Budding

51
Q

The loose intertwined network of basic structural
units of the molds that penetrates the substrate from
which it obtains the necessary nutrients for growth is
called which of the following?
a. Hyphae
b. Germ tubes
c. Pseudohyphae
d. Mycelium

A

d. Mycelium

52
Q

Large, usuallymultiseptate and club-shaped or spindleshaped spores are called which of the following?

a. Microconidia
b. Macroconidia
c. Conidiophores
d. Phialides

A

b. Macroconidia

53
Q 
Blastoconidia are the beginning of which
structures?
A. Arthroconidia
B. Germ tubes
C. Pseudohyphae
D. True hyphae
A

C. Pseudohyphae

Mycology (7 decks)

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