Sedative, Hypnotic, and Anxiolytic Use Disorders

Question 1

Flumenazil

Answer 1

A benzodiazepine antagonist used in the ED for patients with benzodiazepine overdose

Question 2

Withdrawal from benzodiazepines and barbiturates is. . .

Answer 2

. . . life-threatening

Question 3

__ commonly result from benzodiazepine withdrawal

Answer 3

Seizures commonly result from benzodiazepine withdrawal

Question 4

Symptoms of benzodiazepine withdrawal

Answer 4

• Anxiety
• Photophobia
• Nausea/vomiting
• Diaphoresis
• Muscle twitching
• Seizures

Question 5

Benzodiazepines should ALWAYS be ___

Answer 5

Benzodiazepines should ALWAYS be tapered

Question 6

The shortest acting commonly used benzodiazepine

Answer 6

Alprazolam

Question 7

Halflives of the benzodiazepines

Answer 7

Question 8

It is often difficult to differentiate between benzodiazepine withdrawal and ___

Answer 8

It is often difficult to differentiate between benzodiazepine withdrawal and alcohol withdrawal

A clear history or urine toxiciology is usually the differentiaing factor. They may also be abused simultaneously.

Question 9

Primidone

Answer 9

Barbiturate commonly prescribed for essential tremor

Question 10

What to do in the case of barbiturate overdose

Answer 10

There is no specific antidote

Urine alkalinization with IV sodium bicarbonate increases elimination. Respiratory support is typically required and should take priority.