carbohydrates

Question 1

sugars are a source of stored energy and are called what?

Answer 1

carbohydrates

Question 2

glucose is a type of simple sugar called a what?

Answer 2

monosaccharide

Question 3

where is glucose found? what is glucose involved in?

Answer 3

glucose is found in almost every cell and is involved in every chemical reaction that produces energy in living organisms

Question 4

what is an example of a disaccharide?

Answer 4

table sugar

Question 5

how is a disaccharide formed?

Answer 5

formed when 2 monosaccharides, glucose and fructose, are covalently bonded

Question 6

how are disaccharides broken down?

Answer 6

via hydrolytic reactions

Question 7

what do hydrolytic reactions use water to do?

Answer 7

to break the covalent bonds between monomers

Question 8

what are polysaccharides?

Answer 8

large polymers built by linking many monosaccharides together

Question 9

process of forming table sugar

Answer 9

2 monosaccharides are joined by a covalent bond to form a disaccharide

dehydration reactions link monomers, with the release of a water molecule

hydrolytic reactions break monomers apart, with the addition of a water molecule

Question 10

monosaccharides can bond together to form what?

Answer 10

disaccharides

Question 11

glucose and fructose are sugar monomers that, when linked by a covalent bond, form what?

Answer 11

the disaccharide sucrose, or table sugar

Question 12

cellulose and starch are both found in what? what are they made from? how do cellulose and starch differ?

Answer 12

both found in plants and made from glucose, but differ in the way the monosaccharides are linked

Question 13

what is glycogen? what does glycogen store?

Answer 13

a highly branched polysaccharide that stores energy in animal cells for rapid release when needed

Question 14

monosaccharides can bond together to form what?

Answer 14

polysaccharides

Question 15

cellulose, starch, and glycogen are all polymers built from what?

Answer 15

glucose subunits