Decongestant & Antihistamine

Question 1

Used to relieve nasal congestion that accompanies allergies and upper respiratory tract infections

Answer 1

Decongestant

Question 2

Route of Administration of Decongestants

Answer 2

Orally, Inhaled, Nasally

Question 3

to produce systemic effect

Answer 3

Orally

Question 4

directly to lungs with some systemic effects

Answer 4

Inhaled

Question 5

local with some systemic effects

Answer 5

Nasally

Question 6

Relief from nasal congestion (common cold, sinusitis, allergic rhinitis)

Relief from pain and congestion in otitis media

Answer 6

Topical Nasal Decongestant

Question 7

oxymetazoline HCl ( Drexine nasal spray)
sodium chloride (Muconase)
xytometazoline HCl (Otrivin)
purified water, hydroxyethlycellulose, sodium chloride (Salinagel)

Answer 7

Topical Nasal Decongestants

Question 8

Treatment of nasal congestion related to common colds, sinusitis, and allergic rhinitis

Relief from pain and congestion with otitis media

Answer 8

Oral Decongestant

Question 9

Stimulate alpha-adrenergic receptors in nasal mucous membrane resulting to decrease membrane size, drainage of sinuses, and improvement of air flow

Answer 9

MoA of Oral Decongestant

Question 10

paracetamol, chlorphenamine maleate, phenylephrine HCl (Bioflu, Decolgen, Neozep forte, Disudrin)
pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)

Answer 10

Oral Decongestants

Question 11

Rebound congestion, anxiety, restlessness, tremors, hypertension, arrhythmias, sweating and pallor

Answer 11

Adverse Effects of Oral Decongestant

Question 12

Glaucoma, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, thyroid disease, coronary disease, prostrate problems

Answer 12

Contraindications of Oral Decongestant

Question 13

Treatment of allergic rhinitis who do not respond to any other form of decongestants

Relief of inflammation following nasal polyp removal

Answer 13

Topical Nasal Steroid Decongestant

Question 14

Stinging and burning sensation, mucosal dryness

Answer 14

Adverse Effects of Topical Nasal Steroid Decongestant

Question 15

beclomethasone (Beclovent)
budesonide (Rhinocort)
fluticasone (Flixotide)

Answer 15

Topical Nasal Steroid Decongestants

Question 16

Also called H1 Blockers or H1 Antagonists

Designed to relieve respiratory symptoms and to treat allergies

Answer 16

Antihistamine

Question 17

Agents have greater anticholinergic effects and can cause more sedation and drowsiness

Answer 17

First Generation Antihistamines

Question 18

Agents have fewer anticholinergic affects causing less sedation

Answer 18

Second Generation Antihistamines

Question 19

Dimenhydrinate
Diphenhydramine
Hydroxyzine
Promethazine
Trimeprazine
Triprolidine
Azelastine
Brompheniramine
Buclizine
Cetirizine
Chlorpheniramine
Clemastine
Cyclizine

Answer 19

First Generation

Question 20

Loratadine
Desloratadine
Fexofenadine

Answer 20

Second Generation

Question 21

Selectively block the effect of histamine at the H1 receptor sites in the target tissue by competing with histamine for receptor, decreasing the cellular responses

Answer 21

MoA of Antihistamines

Question 22

Allergic Rhinitis, Sinusitis, Urticaria, Angioedema

Answer 22

Indications of Antihistamines