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Anatomy & Physiology > Test1 > Flashcards

Test1 Flashcards

1
Q

the body’s ability to detect and respond to changes to its internal environment?

A

responsiveness

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2
Q

the science of body functions

A

physiology

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3
Q

which component of the feedback system recieves output from the control center and producesa response?

A

effector

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4
Q

which component of the feedback system receives input with evironmental change?

A

receptor

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5
Q

body systems that share common structures are…

A

endocrine and reproductive

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6
Q

level of body organization represents the smallest living unit

A

cellular

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7
Q

histology is the study of

A

tissues

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8
Q

cytology is study of

A

cell structure

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9
Q

an example of positive feedback…

A

childbirth

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10
Q

phrase that describes catabolism?

A

break down process

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11
Q

phrase that best describes anabolism?

A

build up process

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12
Q

a substance that can not be split into simpler substance

A

element

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13
Q

term/phase describing a free radical

A

highly reactive

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14
Q

atoms with diff numbers of netrons but same number of protons are said to be…

A

isotopes

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15
Q

compound dissociates in water and forms a cation other than H+ and an anion other than OH-. this substance most likely is a _____

A

salt

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16
Q

h20 is example of ___ and ____

A

compound and molecule

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17
Q

substance that dissociates into one or more hydrogen ions and one or more anions is

A

acid

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18
Q

number of carbon atoms in one glucose is __ and in one laactose molecule is __

A

6; 12

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19
Q

organic compound includes ATP and RNA is

A

nucleic acids

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20
Q

which molecules is considered inorganic?

A
  • CO
  • NaCl
  • CO2
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21
Q

molecules considered organic

A
  • lipids
  • triglycerides
  • nucleic acids
  • carbohydrates
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22
Q

molecule that contains sugar, phosphate, and a nitrogenous base is…

A

RNA

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23
Q

type of organic compound that yields highest amount of heat (energy) per weight

A

lipids

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24
Q

proteins that act as catalysts are ___

A

enzymes

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25
Q

which lipid component is the highest percentage of the plasma membrane?

A

phospholipids

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26
Q

reaction that produces 2 amino acids from a dipeptide

A

hydrolytic

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27
Q

when potassium is represented “K+” , it means that

A

given up an electron

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28
Q

reaction that produces a disaccharide from 2 monosaccharides

A

dehydration synthesis

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29
Q

steroids are a form of…

A

lipids

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30
Q

peptide bonds are a characteristic of ….

A

carbohydrates

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31
Q

process that utilizes mRNA as a template

A

transciption

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32
Q

process that utiliazes DNA as a template

A

transcription

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33
Q

process resulting in the formation of protein

A

translation

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34
Q

where is mRNA synthesized

A

cytoplasm

35
Q

what components of the plasma membrane makes up the glycocalyx

A

glycolipids and glycoproteins

36
Q

term that does not make up the cytoskeleton

A

vacuole

[microfilament, microtubule, intermediate filament]

37
Q

common component between glycoproteins and glycolipids

A

protein

38
Q

organelle involved with lipid synthesis

A

smooth ER

39
Q

organelle that utilizes oxygen to produce energy

A

mitocondria

40
Q

type of molecular transport that requires a vesicle

A

active transport

41
Q

sodium and potassium cross teh plasma membrane using _____

A

channels

42
Q

if cell membrane is permeable only to water which direction does water move when a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution?

A

out of the cell

43
Q

what happens to cell shape in a hyptonic solution when the membrane is permeable to water

A

swells

44
Q

organelle contains digestive enzymes

A

lysosomes

45
Q

organelle is site of rRNA

A

ribosomes

46
Q

organelle that uses amino acids to form proteins

A

ribosomes

47
Q

organella that modifies proteins and releases them within a vesicle

A

golgi

48
Q

how many ATPs used by the sodium/potassium ATPase pump to remove 3 sodiums and 2 potassiums?

A

1

49
Q

term polyunstaturation refers to the number of :

A

double bonds

50
Q

2 components that make up a triglyceride

A

glycerol and fatty acid

51
Q

tissue type includes adipose and bone

A

connective

52
Q

tissue type that transmits electrical impulses and regulates all organ systems

A

nervous tissue

53
Q

type of epithelium found in kid kidney tubules

A

simple cuboidal

54
Q

type of epithelium that epidermis is

A

stratified squamous

55
Q

epithelial type stretches and chages shape when filled (bladder)

A

transitional

56
Q

type of cartilage is found as pads in the knee joint

A

fibrocartilage

57
Q

cell type found within cartilage

A

chondrocytes

58
Q

epithelial tissue allowing gas exchange quickly within the lungs

A

simple squamous

59
Q

where is pseudostratified columnar epithelium located in the body?

A

trachea

60
Q

primary tissue type consisting of white blood cells

A

connective

61
Q

tissue type containing intercalated discs

A

cardiac muscle

62
Q

cheek cell is an example of

A

epithelium

63
Q

type of tissue containing an axon

A

neurons

64
Q
  1. causes diffusion rate to decrease
  2. utilization of a protein transporter
  3. movement of a water thru a selectively permeable membrane
  4. no net movemnt of a solute or solvent thru a selectively permeable membrane
  5. reuired by Na+ and K+ to move against the concentration gradient
A
  1. low temperature
  2. mediated/facilitated
  3. osmosis
  4. isotonic
  5. ATP
65
Q
  1. single layer of cells
  2. lines hollow organs
  3. dense regular(fbrous) connective tissue
  4. high number of mitochondria within cells
  5. epecially designed for secretion
A
  1. simple
  2. epithelium
  3. ligament
  4. muscle tissue
  5. columnar
66
Q

gland that isnt assocaited with the human skin

A

mucous

67
Q

cell type that is a specialized white blood cell

A

adipocytes

68
Q

if skin is yellow/organge, due to

A

carotene

69
Q

region of the dermis anchors the epidermis and contain capillaries for exchange of gases

A

papillary region

70
Q

name area which is not part of the skin containing areolar and adipose tissue

A

reticular region

71
Q

is present in thick skin but not in thin

A

stratum lucidum

72
Q

correct order of layer for epidermis (deepest to superficial)

A
  1. stratum basale
  2. statum spinosum
  3. statum granulosum
  4. stratum lucidum
  5. statum corneum
73
Q

found in the epidermis these cells ingest foreign substances.

A

langerhan cells

74
Q

regions that makeup the dermis of the skin

A

papillary , reticular

75
Q

tissue type is the hair root plexus

A

nervous

76
Q

hair root plexus allows for what type of sensation

A

light touch

77
Q

sudiferous glands release

A

sweat

78
Q

not a function of skin

A

thermoregulation

79
Q

sebaceous glands release

A

oil

80
Q

muscle attached to hair root

A

arrector pili

81
Q

eccrine glands primary function is _____

A

thermoregulation

82
Q

ceruminous glands

A

produce ear wax

83
Q

epedermal cell involved in touch sensation

A

merkel cells

84
Q

decubitis ulcer (bed sore) caused by

A

poor blood ckirculation

Anatomy & Physiology (19 decks)

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