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US History > Q1 Vocab Quiz Practice (Deck 1) > Flashcards

Q1 Vocab Quiz Practice (Deck 1) Flashcards

1
Q

Agreement during the Constitutional Convention that slaves would be counted as 3/5 of a person when determining the # of representatives per state

A

3/5 Compromise

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2
Q

Laws passed in the early 1800’s stating that people who spoke out against the government could be imprisoned and foreigners could be deported. KY & VA passed resolutions refusing to obey these laws.

A

Alien and Sedition Acts

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3
Q

This was the first document outlining the relationship of the states. It allowed Congress to encourage states to do things, but didn’t give them the power to tax or force the states into anything.

A

Articles of Confederation

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4
Q

The first 10 Amendments to the US - They were added because the Anti-Federalists refused to ratify the Constitution unless basic rights were guaranteed

A

Bill of Rights

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5
Q

Event when British soldiers fired on a crowd of demonstraters and killed 5 of them. This led to the American Revolution

A

Boston Massacre

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6
Q

Early examples of these include rice, indigo, and tobacco, but NOT cotton. (At least, until the cotton gin was invented)

A

Cash Crops

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7
Q

The idea that each branch of government should keep an eye on the others to make sure they don’t take too much power for themselves.

A

Checks and Balances

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8
Q

Document written by the colonies to explain to the world why they were separating from England.

A

Declaration of Independence

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9
Q

This is the type of government we have: We vote on some issues, but allow people to represent us on more complex issues.

A

Democratic Republic

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10
Q

Government arrangement where states and a central government have some separate powers and some that overlap

A

Federalism

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11
Q

Documents written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay to encourage the ratification of the Constitution

A

Federalist Papers

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12
Q

People who believed that the strong central government described in the Constitution would be in the best interest of the American people

A

Federalists

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13
Q

People who believed that the Constitution should not be ratified because they thought it gave the central government too much power over people’s lives

A

Antifederalists

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14
Q

War between Britain & France. To defend the colonies, the British sent many soldiers. To pay for this war, England taxed the colonies.

A

French & Indian War

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15
Q

Agreement at the Constitutional Convention that the US would have a bicameral system. The makeup of one house would be based on the population of the states. The other house would be made up of an equal number from each state.

A

Great Compromise

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16
Q

Secretary of the Treasury in Washington’s cabinet. Frequently argued with Jefferson over their interpretation of the US Constitution. His followers called themselves “Federalists”

A

Hamilton

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17
Q

Secretary of State in Washington’s cabinet. Frequently argued with Alexander Hamilton over their interpretation of the US Constitution. His followers called themselves “Democratic-Republicans”

A

Jefferson

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18
Q

First representative body in the American colonies. (In Virginia)

A

House of Burgesses

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19
Q

Wrote “The Social Contract” and believe that the basic rights of all men are “life, liberty, and property”

A

John Locke

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20
Q

Chief Justice of the Supreme Court remembered for greatly strengthening the power of the court in cases like “Marbury v. Madison” and “Gibbons v. Ogden”

A

John Marshall

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21
Q

Power of the Supreme Court to determine if laws passed by Congress are Constitutional. (Marbury v. Madison)

A

Judicial Review

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22
Q

First battle of the American Revolution

A

Lexington & Concord

23
Q

The idea that government can do only what the Constitution allows it to do.

A

Limited Government

24
Q

English document that severely limited the power of the king

A

Magna Carta

25
Q

Court case remembered for instituting “Judicial Review”

A

Marbury v. Madison

26
Q

Agreement signed by the Pilgrims stating that they would submit to the laws of their government

A

Mayflower Compact

27
Q

Hamilton & Jefferson argued over whether the US government had the power to create this to manage the $$ of the United States

A

National Bank

28
Q

Land organized under the Articles of Confederation creating the states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin.

A

Northwest Ordinance

29
Q

Religious group who colonized the New England area because they wanted to practice their religion freely. (They did NOT, however, offer freedom of religion to those who disagreed with them)

A

Puritans

30
Q

Religious group that believed all have an “inner light”. Found in the Mid-Atlantic states - especially Pennsylvania. Were among the first abolitionists.

A

Quakers

31
Q

Member of the Massachusetts colony who was exiled for teaching the separation of church & state - went on to found Rhode Island

A

Roger Williams

32
Q

Idea that all - even those in government - must obey the laws of the land

A

Rule of Law

33
Q

Term meaning that because England respected the colonies, they left them on their own to run their own affairs.

A

Salutary neglect

34
Q

Turning point of the Revolutionary War. After this battle, the French helped us because they believed we might actually be able to win.

A

Saratoga

35
Q

The belief that each branch of government should be given different powers so that no one branch has too much.

A

Separation of Powers

36
Q

Event when a number of former soldiers, upset that they had not received their military pensions, shut down the local government. This demonstrated the weakness of the Articles of Confederation.

A

Shay’s Rebellion

37
Q

Agreement at the Constitutional Convention that they would not discuss the slave trade or do anything about it for at least 20 years.

A

Slave Trade Compromise

38
Q

John Locke believed that society held together because of this agreement where the government promised to protect its people and people promised to obey the government.

A

Social Contract

39
Q

1st Direct tax placed on the colonists during the colonial period. This angered them and led to a boycott

A

Stamp Act

40
Q

People who interpret the Constitution literally and believe the government can do no more than what it specifically states

A

Strict Constructionists

41
Q

The group of people formally responsible for electing the President of the United States

A

The Electoral College

42
Q

Treaty that formally ended the Revolutionary War

A

Treaty of Paris

43
Q

Statements issued by two states declaring that they would not obey the Alien & Sedition laws

A

VA & KY Resolutions

44
Q

Plan discussed at the Constitutional Convention that would have given states a varying number of representatives based on each state’s population.

A

VA Plan

45
Q

Event when farmers in the north revolted against the government because of a tax increase on whiskey

A

Whiskey Rebellion

46
Q

Quaker who founded Pennsylvania

A

William Penn

47
Q

Final battle of the Revolutionary War

A

Yorktown

48
Q

One of the two original politcal parties - This one followed the strict Constitutional interpretation practices of Thomas Jefferson.

A

Democratic Republicans

49
Q

Plan discussed at the Constitutional Convention that would have given all states an equal number of representatives. This was offered as a direct alternative to the VA plan.

A

NJ Plan

50
Q

People who stretch their interpretation of the Constitution so that they can do whatever is “necessary and proper”

A

Loose Constructionists

51
Q

Benjamin Franklin’s proposal in 1754 suggesting that the colonies unite for common purposes. The British rejected this without even presenting it to the king.

A

Albany Plan of Union

52
Q

Religious revival in the colonies that emphasized man’s need to repent from sin. This event united people from all backgrounds from all the colonies for the first time.

A

First Great Awakening

53
Q

System in which African slaves, colonial raw materials, and European finished products were transported and traded across the Atlantic.

A

Triangular Trade

54
Q

Economic system in which colonies were established to provide both raw materials for a mother country and a market for finished products from the mother country.

A

Mercantilism

US History (38 decks)

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