Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology Labs 4-7 > Lab 5 > Flashcards

Lab 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Homeostasis

A

The ability of the body to maintain relatively constant state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Sensor

A

detects changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

a Receptor can also be?

A

Cells that serve as sensors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Special senses

A 
Vision
taste
 touch 
smell 
hearing 
equilibrium

keeps us aware of the world around us and it’s effects on us

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Adequate stimulus

A

Each receptor type detects specific stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does Chemoreceptors detect

A

Detect:

CO2, H+, pH, O2, molecules in food or air, blood glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What do Mechanoreceptors detect

A

Detect:

pressure stretch or compression of cell acceleration sound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What do Photoreceptor detect

A

Detects lights photons of varying wavelength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Density of receptors

A

Determine sensitivity to the stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Perception

A

A conscience understanding of the stimulus been detected.

End result of the processing takes place in the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Properties of stimulus vary based on

A

Mortality -what is been detected by receptor

Location- Source of stimulus

Intensity- The strength of the stimulus (stronger more action potential)

Duration- How long the stimulus is present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Tonic receptors

A

Slow adapting

active as long as a signal is present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Phasic receptors

A

Fast adapting.

Only generate action potential’s when there is a change in stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Hearing FB loop

A

Stimulus- Sound waves cause fluid movement

Transduction- 
Hair cells stereocilia 
compress or stretch cell membrane 
ion channels open 
change in membrane potential 
release of neurotransmitters 
activate primary sensory neuron

Integrating center- auditory cortex

Hearing located in cochlear
Stereocilia used in hearing and equilibrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Equilibrium FB loop

A

Stimulus
Fluid movement causing movement of endolymph in vestibular apparatus

Transduction-
The stretch of the hair cell membrane
Mechanical gated Ion channels open
Change in membrane potential (charge cell) hyperpolarization/ depolarization
Release of neurotransmitters to activate primary sensory neurons

Integrating center:
cerebral cortex cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Vision FB Loop

A 
Stimulus photons, light Changes shape
Transduction-
Light absorbed by pigment
Chemical cascade that leads to opening or closing of ion channels
When activated the photo receptor cells
Release of neurotransmitters To the
Bipolar cells.
Bipolar cells synapse with the ganglion cells that make up the optic nerve

Integrating center:
Visual cortex
Photo receptors two kinds that detect photons
Rods and cones
Rods detect low light night vision. The pigment rhodopsin is altered when light enters.

The pigment in the cone cells are altered by different wavelengths of light
the blue cones detect wave links at low end of the spectrum
green in the middle range and red in the high range.Cones detect bright light in color vision

17
Q

Olfaction FB Loop

A

Stimulus-
odorant molecules That enter the air and then enters In the nasal cavity binding to dendrites.

Transduction-
Depolarization of receptor, G protein coupled receptor with the cAMP cascade On the dendrites that have binding sites for odorant molecules.

When activated olfactory sensory neurons synapse with secondary sensory neurons in the olfactory bulb
the signal pathway continues along the olfactory track and finally to the limbic system or olfactory cortex-

Integrating center:
Olfactory cortex
Limbic system of the brain

Does not pass through the hypothalamus

18
Q

Taste FB Loop

A

Stimulus
molecules or ions in food

Transduction-
Depolarization of taste cells
When activated Taste cells release signal molecules including serotonin or ATP
To the primary sensory neuron.
Combination of receptors activated along with other chemicals and foods that serve as modulators.

Integration center
Gustatory cortex

19
Q

Webers hearing test

A

Tuning fork middle of the forehead
normal: sound equals on both sides

abnormal: louder on one side

20
Q

Rinnes hearing test

A

Tuning fork placed on mastoid process,(jaw bone) once hearing is stopped then place near ear.

Rinnes positive- normal air conduction louder than bone conduction

Rinnes negative- abnormal bone conduction it’s louder than air conduction

21
Q

Ishihara color test

A

Test to see if colorblind and to what colors you are blind to

22
Q

Red green color blindness

A

Most common and

most common especially in males because they carry the X trait gene

23
Q

Cones

A

Responsible for light in color vision
three types
red blue and green

24
Q

What is a Blindspot test?

A

Located on the surface of the retina called the optic disc
Where all the axons exit the eye and converge to form the optic nerve

location of the Blindspot is located in the lateral visual field of each eye.

When only one Eye Is being used, the brain fills in the missing Visual information Based on the surrounding area.

25
Q

The astigmatism chart helps determine both the angle and the strength of the corrective lenses .

What is Astigmatism test?

A

Astigmatism can Cause blurred or distorted vision
Refractive power is how much a lens will bend light

Positive diopters are convex lenses that bend light MORE to correct Hyperopia farsightedness = 2.00

Negative diopters are concave lenses that been light LESS to correct myopia nearsightedness= -1.05

26
Q

What is Accommodations of lens?

A

Contract- contraction of the ciliary muscle decreases tension on the suspensory ligament‘s and
this allows the shape to be spherical shape for near vision

Relax- relaxation of the ciliary muscles increase tension on the suspensory ligaments to
change the shape of the lens more flat for distant vision

Accommodation of the lens is controlled by the parasympathetic division of the on autonomic nervous system as oculomotor nerve Innervates the ciliary muscle of the eye

27
Q

Enmetropia

A

Normal vision 20/20

28
Q

Hyperopia

A 
Farsighted vision (readers)
convex lens
29
Q

Myopia

A

Nearsighted vision

concave lens

30
Q

what does a Pupillary light reflex do?

A

The adjustment of pupil due to light intensity

31
Q

Why do Both pupils constrict?

A

In light and when objects moved closer to eyes

32
Q

Process map that takes place

WHEN LIGHT ENTERS THE ROD

A
  1. Light enters rod
  2. Light absorbed by rhodopsin
  3. Retinal disassociation
  4. Transducin activation
  5. Decrease cyclic GMP
  6. Calcium and sodium channels close
  7. Stop calcium and sodium influx
  8. Potassium efflux
  9. Rod hyperpolarization
  10. Bipolar sells activated
  11. Ganglion cells activated
  12. Signal moves along optic disc
  13. Signal to thalamus
  14. Signal to visual cortex
  15. Exocytosis of inhibitory signal ceases

Physiology Labs 4-7 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions