2B.1 Hooke's law Flashcards
what is tension
a force acting within the material in the direction that would extend the material
what is extension
the increase in size of a material sample caused by a tension force
what is compression
a force acting within the material in the direction that would squash the material, also it is the decrease in size of the material under a compressive force
the decrease of size in a material because of compression is referred to as
negative extension
what does Hooke’s law state
the extension of a spring is directly proportional to the force applied to it unless it passes its limit of proportionality
what is the limit of proportionality
it is the maximum extension (or strain) that an object can have which is still proportional to the load (stress)
what is deformation
it is the process of alteration of form or shape
what is the elastic limit
the maximum Extention or compression that a material can undergo and still return to its original dimensions when the force is removed
what does Hooke’s law equal to
force applies (N) = spring constant (N m-1) x extension (m)
what is the spring constant
the Hooke’s law constant of proportionality, k, for spring under tension (also referred to as the stiffness constant)
for a force x extension graph what is the gradient
the gradient is the spring constant
what is the elastic strain energy
it is the work done that is deforming a material being stored as energy in the deformed material before it reaches its elastic limit
what is elastic strain energy = to
1/2 force x distance
how do we find work done in a force x extension graph
by finding the area under the graph
what is meant form hysteresis
it is where the extension under a certain load would be different depending on the past loads and extensions
