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RMT - LtB > 3 - Kines - Unit 6 - Face & Neck > Flashcards

3 - Kines - Unit 6 - Face & Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Face & Neck - Bones

A
  • Cranium - skull bones - x8
  • Face - x14
  • Hyoid - x1
  • Sternum - breast bone - x1
  • Ribs - x24
  • Vertebrae - back bones - x24
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2
Q

Face & Neck - Landmarks - Cranium

A
  • Frontal
  • Temporal - x2
  • Parietal - x2
  • Occipital
  • Sphenoid
  • Ethmoid
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3
Q

Face & Neck - Landmarks - Cranium - Temporal

A
  • External auditory meatus
  • Mastoid process
  • Styloid process
  • Zygomatic arch
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4
Q

Face & Neck - Landmarks - Cranium - Occipital

A
  • External occipital protuberance

- Foramen magnum

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5
Q

Face & Neck - Definition - Meatus

A

Tube like passage through a bone

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6
Q

Face & Neck - Definition - Process

A

Prominent bony growth that projects

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7
Q

Face & Neck - Definition - Foramen

A

Hole in a bone

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8
Q

Face & Neck - Definition - Fontanel

A

= the “soft spot”

Uncalcified cartilaginous membrane found on the superior aspect of the skull

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9
Q

Face & Neck - Definition - Sagittal suture

A

Union of the two parietal bones

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10
Q

Face & Neck - Definition - Lambdoid suture

A

Union of the occipital and parietal bones

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11
Q

Face & Neck - Definition - Coronal suture

A

Union of the frontal and parietal bones

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12
Q

Face & Neck - Landmarks - Face

A
  • Maxilla - x2
  • Palatine - x2
  • Zygomatic - “cheek” bone - x2
  • Lacrimal - x2
  • Nasal - x2
  • Mandible - “Jaw” bone - only movable bone in the face
  • Vomer
  • Internal nasal concha - x2
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13
Q

Face & Neck - Landmarks - Face - Zygomatic

A

x2

Articulates with:

  • frontal bone
  • temporal bone
  • maxilla bones
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14
Q

Face & Neck - Landmarks - Face - Mandible

A

= “Jaw” bone
Only movable bone in the face

  • Condyle
  • Coronoid process
  • Ramus
  • Angle
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15
Q

Face & Neck - Definition - Condyle

A

Rounded, knuckle-like projection at the end of a bone, usually at a joint

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16
Q

Face & Neck - Landmarks - Hyoid

A

This bone is unique: it does not articulate with any other bone in the body

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17
Q

Face & Neck - Landmarks - Sternum

A

Starts out as 3 separate bones:

  • Manubrium
  • Body
  • Xiphoid process
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18
Q

Face & Neck - Landmarks - Clavicle

A
  • Acromial (lateral) end - connects the clavicle to the scapula
  • Sternal (medial) end - connects the clavicle to the sternum
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19
Q

Face & Neck - Landmarks - Ribs

A

x24

  • 7 pairs directly articulate with sternum
  • 3 pairs indirectly articulate with the sternum
  • 2 pairs “floating”, do not articulate with the sternum
20
Q

Face & Neck - Landmarks - Vertebrae

A
  • Cervical vertebrae - x7 (incl: C1 = atlas & C2 = axis)
  • Thoracic vertebrae - x12
  • Lumbar vertebrae - x5
21
Q

Face & Neck - Landmarks - Vertebrae - Bony structures & landmarks common to all vertebrae

A
  • Spinous process

- Transverse process

22
Q

Face & Neck - Landmarks - Other structures to be aware of

A
  • Thyroid cartilage
  • Cricoid cartilage
  • Trachea
  • Costal cartilage
  • Galea aponeurotica
23
Q

Face & Neck - Joints

A
  • Temporomandibular joints (TMJs)

- Sternoclavicular Joints (SCJs)

24
Q

Face & Neck - Joints - Temporomandibular joints (TMJs)

A

Diarthritic joints formed by the temporal bones and mandible

25
Q

Face & Neck - Joints - Sternoclavicular Joints (SCJs)

A

Diarthritic joints formed by sternum and medial clacicle

26
Q

Face & Neck - Movement - Neck

A
  • Flexion of the next
  • Extension of the neck
  • Lateral Flexion of the neck
  • Rotation of the neck
27
Q

Face & Neck - Definition - Flexion

A

Decrease of the angle in a joint by bringing bone together

28
Q

Face & Neck - Definition - Extension

A

Increase of the angle in a joint by moving bones apart

29
Q

Face & Neck - Definition - Lateral Flexion

A

Decrease of the angle measured on the lateral surface of the spine, trunk or neck

30
Q

Face & Neck - Definition - Rotation

A

Twisting the spine, trunk or neck around it’s axis

31
Q

Face & Neck - Movement - Temporomandibular / Mandible / Jaw Joint Movement

A
  • Elevation of the jaw
  • Depression of the jaw
  • Protraction of the jaw
  • Retraction of the jaw
32
Q

Face & Neck - Definition - Elevation of the jaw

A

Bringing the mandible superiorly towards the maxilla

33
Q

Face & Neck - Definition - Depression of the jaw

A

Lowering the mandible inferiorly away from the maxilla

34
Q

Face & Neck - Definition - Protraction of the jaw

A

Moving the mandible forwards or anteriorly

35
Q

Face & Neck - Definition - Retraction of the jaw

A

Moving the mandible backwards or posteriorly

36
Q

Muscles Origins, Insertions & Actions - Sternocleidomastoid

A

[Origin]

  • Superior aspect of the manubrium
  • Medial third of the clavicle

[Insertion]
- Mastoid process of the temporal bone

[Action]

  • Flexion of the neck
  • Lateral flexion of the neck
  • Rotation of the neck
37
Q

Muscles Origins, Insertions & Actions - Scalenes

A

Anterior, middle & posterior

[Origin]
- Transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae

[Insertion]
- 1st & 2nd ribs

[Action]

  • Flexion of the neck
  • Lateral flexion of the neck
  • Rotation of the neck

These muscles have special significance in reference to the neurovascular structures passing between them. Tight scalenes can compromise these blood vessels & nerves

38
Q

Muscles Origins, Insertions & Actions - Masseter

A

[Origin]
- Zygomatic arch

[Insertion]

  • Angle of mandible
  • Ramus of mandible

[Action]
- Elevation of the mandible

39
Q

Muscles Origins, Insertions & Actions - Temporalis

A

[Origin]

  • Temporal fossa
  • Temporal fascia

[Insertion]
- Coronoid process of the mandible

[Action]

  • Elevation of the mandible
  • Retraction of the mandible
40
Q

Muscles Origins, Insertions & Actions - Suprahyoids & Digastric

A

Include the geniohyoid, mylohyoid & stylohyoid

  • Located above the hyoid
  • Important in chewing, swallowing & speaking
  • Digastric has an anterior and posterior belly that is divided and passes through a tendinous sling on the hyoid’s anterior surface

[Origin]

[Insertion]

[Action]

41
Q

Muscles Origins, Insertions & Actions - Infrahyoids

A

Include sternohyoid, thyrohyoid & omohyoid

  • These muscles are located below the hyoid
  • Important in swallowing & speaking

[Origin]

[Insertion]

[Action]

42
Q

Muscles Origins, Insertions & Actions - Platysma

A

[Origin]
- Fascia covering the superior part of the pectoralis major

[Insertion]

  • Based of mandible
  • Skin if the lower face

[Action]

  • Assists in depression of the mandible
  • Assists in tightening the fascia of the neck
43
Q

Muscles Origins, Insertions & Actions - Occipitofrontalis

A

[Origin]
- Galea aponeurotica

[Insertion]

  • Skin over the eyebrows
  • In the occipital region

[Action]

  • Raise the eyebrows
  • Wrinkle forehead
44
Q

Muscles Origins, Insertions & Actions - Medial and Lateral Pterygoids

A

[Origin]

[Insertion]

[Action]

  • Elevate the mandible
  • Protract the mandible
  • Laterally deviate the mandible
45
Q

Muscles Origins, Insertions & Actions - Longus Capitis

A

[Origin]
- Transverse process of C3 through C6

[Insertion]
- Inferior surface of occiput

[Action]

  • Flexion of the head and neck
  • Lateral flexion of the head and neck
  • Rotation of the head and neck
46
Q

Muscles Origins, Insertions & Actions - Longus Colli

A

[Origin]

  • Bodies of C5 through T3
  • Transverse processes of C3 through C5

[Insertion]

  • Tubercle on anterior arch of the atlas
  • Bodies of the axis, C-3 & C-4
  • Transverse processes of C5 & C6

[Action]

  • Flexion of the neck
  • Lateral flexion of the neck
  • Rotation of the neck

RMT - LtB (24 decks)

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