Gender & Sexuality

Question 1

What is sex? /2(5)

Answer 1

biological characteristics that distinguish people

focuses on anatomical differences related to:

• reproduction
• hormones
• chromosomes
• physiological components

Question 2

What are the main categories of sex? /3

Answer 2

female

male

intersex

Question 3

What is intersex?

Answer 3

bodies have both male and female characteristics

Question 4

What is transsexual? /4

Answer 4

people who are born as one identifiable sex but experience an identity that is inconsistent with that assigned sex

undergo surgical modifications

hormonal interventions

wish to become the other sex

Question 5

What is gender? /2

Answer 5

reflection of the social, cultural, and psychological traits

behaviours connected with being masculine or feminine

Question 6

What are gender roles? /4

Answer 6

society’s expectations of how males and females should behave (socially defined)

socialization is the main determinant of gendered behaviour

defined differently depending on the culture

change over time

ex. men are stronger/taller, women can give birth

Question 7

What is the gendered role in Canada? /2

EXAMPLE

Answer 7

at formal events, men must wear a suit

skirts or feminine clothing would not be an acceptable option

Question 8

What is transgendered? /2

Answer 8

umbrella term for anyone whose gender identity is incongruous with the sex they were assigned at birth

the word “trans” is often favoured in the LGBTQ+ community

Question 9

What is cisgendered? /2

Answer 9

individual’s experience of gender agrees with the sex assigned at birth

often abbreviated to simply “cis”

Question 10

What is Two-Spirit? /2

Answer 10

individuals who possess qualities or fulfill roles of many genders

traditionally used by Indigenous peoples

Question 11

What is sexuality? /6

Answer 11

particular kind of social interaction in which we express ourselves as sexual beings

encompasses both the biological and the social

biological, emotional, and social aspects

complex and rich area of human experience

as much variation as any other cultural norm

changes over time and across cultures

Question 12

What is sexual orientation?

Answer 12

reflection of a person’s preference for sexual partners

Question 13

What is heterosexual?

Answer 13

people who are sexually attracted to people of the opposite sex

Question 14

What is homosexual?

Answer 14

people who are sexually attracted to people of the same sex

Question 15

What is bisexual?

Answer 15

people who are sexually attracted to people of either sex

Question 16

What is asexual?

Answer 16

people who are not sexually attracted to people of either sex

Question 17

How do you measure sexual orientation (In Canada)? /2

Answer 17

behaviour - partner(s) are the same or of opposite sex

self-identification - asking to define their sexual identification

Question 18

Are children socialized to behave according to their assigned gender? /2

Answer 18

Yes

Toys are an example of gender socialization

Question 19

What does patriarchal mean?

Answer 19

arranged to benefit men more than women

Question 20

What is sexism? /2

Answer 20

prejudice and discrimination against women

result of patriarchy

Question 21

What proves sexism and patriarchy in society? /4

Answer 21

women generally earn less than men in the labour market

women typically do more housework

women are more likely to be victims of violence

women are underrepresented in STEM

Question 22

How are men and women perceived in the media? /5

Answer 22

prevalence of male lead characters

storylines center on male characters

female actors are often casted in supporting roles (love interest)

women are twice as likely than men to be seen in sexually explicit scenes

male characters more likely to be seen as violent

Question 23

What consequences does the media have on gender roles? /2

Answer 23

reinforce gender stereotypes

contribute to gender inequality

Question 24

What is gender inequality? /2

Answer 24

women are negatively affected by structural inequality

men benefit from the current social structure

Question 25

How does gender norms negatively affect men? /3

Answer 25

fragile/toxic masculinity

make it difficult for boys and men to navigate

limit their full potential as human beings (emotions)

Question 26

What is homophobia? /3

Answer 26

negative attitude towards homosexuals and homosexuality

results in the discrimination (both in law and according to social norms) in regards to same-sex relationships

lead to violence against people perceived to be homosexual

ex. considered a punishable crime by imprisonment in Canada until 1969

Question 27

What is the proportion of women in Canada’s labour force?

Answer 27

women = almost half of paid labour force

Question 28

Why is this the proportion for women? /2

Answer 28

most likely to work part-time

feel like they are ultimately responsible for the childrearing and taking care of the house

Question 29

What is the pay inequality between male and female?

Answer 29

women make $0.88 for every $1 a man makes

Question 30

Why is there a pay inequality between male and female? /3

Answer 30

human capital model assumes that men and women bring different natural skills to the workplace

women work less hours due to their domestic responsibilities

work done by women is considered less valuable than that of men

ex. men are mechanics, women are daycare workers

Question 31

What is the glass ceiling? /2

Answer 31

invisible barrier that prevents women from reaching the better and higher-paying job

male-dominated society that doesn’t allow women to hold upper-tier jobs or steers them away from such careers early in life

Question 32

Why is family a primary site of gender socialization? /2

Answer 32

teach you about gender (clothes, toys, chores, etc)

roles are often divided between the sexes

Question 33

What are the two distinct roles for adults in a family ? /2

Answer 33

instrumental

expressive

Question 34

What is the instrumental role? /3

Answer 34

male

focused on achieving success at work

enables men to provide for their family in a financial way

Question 35

What is the expressive role? /3

Answer 35

female

focused on the socialization of children

meeting the family’s emotional needs

Question 36

What has changed since the late 1990s? /4

Answer 36

women: 64% to 60% house work
women: 75% to 68% childcare work

women’s increase participation into the labour force

men more involved in the aspects of childrearing

Question 37

How do same-sex relationships tackle family?

Answer 37

division of work (paid, house, childcare) is far more equitable

Question 38

Why is a female lone-parent family severely vulnerable? /2

Answer 38

deterred from working due to a lack of available and affordable childcare

more likely to be poor and receive social assistance

Question 39

What is the difference if children are raised by same-sex parents? /2

Answer 39

there is no difference

lack of evidence

Question 40

How do same-sex partners get children? /2

Answer 40

assisted reproductive technology

adoption