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Gross Anatomy > flashcards_abdomen > Flashcards

flashcards_abdomen

1
Q

the largest continuous visceral cavity of the body

A

abdomen and pelvis

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2
Q

two portions of the abdomino pelvic cavity

A

abdominal cavity proper and pelvic cavity

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3
Q

in the right coupla is the

A

greater part of liver

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4
Q

in the left cupola is the

A

stomach and spleen

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5
Q

the pelvic inlet which represents the abdominopelvic interace slopes foward from the sacral promontory to the

A

pubic symphysis

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6
Q

the plane of the pelvic inlet makes an angle of about

A

55 to 60 degrees with horizontal plane

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7
Q

the abdomenal wall is involved in

A

Protects the abdominal viscera\n- Helps to increase intra-abdominal pressure\n- Flexes and laterally rotates the spine\n- Helps to depress the ribs\n- Assists in forced expiration, coughing, sneezing, micturition, defecation,\nparturition etc.

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8
Q

four overlapping regions of the abdominal wall

A

Anterior abdominal wall\n_ Antero-lateral abdominal wall\n_ Lateral walls (right & left) / flanks\n_ Posterior abdominal wall

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9
Q

four layers of the anterior and anterolateral abdominal walls

A

the skin, superficial fascia, deep fascia, muscles

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10
Q

the skin of the abodminal wall is thicker in which direction

A

posterioly

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11
Q

the skin of the abdomen wlal is attached loosely to underlaying strucutres except at the

A

umbilus where it is tethered to scar tissue

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12
Q

an incision in the abdmoninal wall alone a tension line will heal as a

A

hairline scar thats virutally invisible

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13
Q

an inciion across tension lines will head wiether a

A

wide or heaped up scar

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14
Q

tension lines run almonst ___ around the body wall

A

horizontally

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15
Q

superficial fatty layer of superficial fascia

A

camppers fatty layers

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16
Q

deep membranous layer of superficial fascia

A

scarpas membranous

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17
Q

which part of ther superficial fascia is superior

A

campers

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18
Q

campsers fascia is continupus with the ____ over the rest of the body

A

superficial fat

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19
Q

Scarpa_s fascia is thin and fades laterally and above, where it becomes continuous with the fascia of .

A

the back and the thorax

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20
Q

between campers and scarpa membranous layer is the

A

neurovascualr bundle

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21
Q

the thin connective tissue sheath which covers the indivdual abdominal wall muscles is the

A

deep fascia

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22
Q

he MUSCLES of the anterolateral abdominal wall are

A

paired.

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23
Q

in the abdmoinal wall there are ___ lateral muscles

A

three

24
Q

the two medial muscles in the anterolateral abdominal wall

A

rectus abdomis and pyramidalis

25
Q

three lateral muscles in anterolateral abdominal wall

A

external and interal obliques and tranvesus abdmoinis

26
Q

largest and most superifical of three lateral abdominal muscles

A

external oblique

27
Q

origin of external blique

A

lower eifht ribs

28
Q

where do the external oblique muscles insert

A

xiphoid process linea alba, pubic crest, oliac crest

29
Q

what do the external obliques innervate

A

the lower 6 throacic nerves, ilohypogastric, and iliolignual

30
Q

funcitons of the external oblique

A

compresses abdominal content; assists in flexion and rotation of the trunk; assists in forced expiration, micturition, defecation, parturition, and vomiting

31
Q

smallest of the flat muscles in abdomen

A

internal oblique

32
Q

the interla olique is deep to the external and run___ to them

A

at right angles

33
Q

oriigns of the itnerla oblqiue

A

lumbar fascia, iliac crest, inguinal ligament

34
Q

insertion of the interal oblqiue

A

the lower three ribs, xiphoid process, linea alba, symphysis pubis

35
Q

inervation of the internal oblqiue

A

ower 6 thoracic nerves, iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal

36
Q

action of the internal oblique

A

supports and compresses abdominal content; assists in flexion and rotation of the trunk; assists in forced expiration, micturition, defecation, parturition, and vomiting

37
Q

transversus abdominis is from the

A

7th and 12th costal cartilages, iliac cres,t inguinal ligament

38
Q

deepest of the lateral abdominal muscles

A

transesus abdominis

39
Q

insertion of the transvesus abdominis

A

xiphoid process, linea alba, inguinal ligament

40
Q

action of the tranvesus abdominis

A

Action: compresses abdominal content

41
Q

origin of the rectus abdominis

A

xiphoid process, cartialges of 5th-7th

42
Q

insertion of the rectus abdominis

A

pubic symphysis and crest

43
Q

innervation of the rectus abdominis

A

lower 6 thoracic nerves

44
Q

function of the re tus abdominis

A

ompresses abdominal content; flexes vertebral column; accessory muscle of expiration

45
Q

___ muscles are absent or unapired in 10-20% of the population

A

pyramidalis

46
Q

pyramidalis lies in ___ of the lower part of the rectus abdominis

A

front

47
Q

origin of the pyramidalis

A

pubis

48
Q

insertion of the pyramidalis

A

linea alba

49
Q

innervation of the pyramidalis

A

12th thoracic nerve

50
Q

action of the pyramidalis

A

tenses the linea alba

51
Q

_____ is a thin layer of fascia that lines the transversus abdominis muscle and is continuous with a similar layer lining the diaphragm and the iliacus muscle.

A

fascia transversalis

52
Q

the extraperitoneal fat is a thin layer of connective tissue that contains a variable amount of fat and lies between

A

ascia transversalis and peritoneum.

53
Q

thr ___ is the largest serous membrane in the body

A

peritoneum

54
Q

organs that are almost completely invested in peritoneum are conneted to the body wall by a

A

mesentery

55
Q

retroperitoneal means they lie on the posteriorabdominal wall and are covered by peritoneum only

A

anterioly

Gross Anatomy (7 decks)

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