anatomy cards_nerves 3 Flashcards

1
Q

⦛What does the Parasympathetics control?

A

Peristalsis, relaxation of sphincters of gastrointestinal and urinary tracts, stimulation of glandular activities, urination, erection and defecation.

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2
Q

What does the Sympathetics control?

A

Control vascular tone, contraction of sphincters of gastrointestinal and urinary tracts, smooth musculature of ducts of male reproductive tract and famel reproductive organs.

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3
Q

What are the 3 components of the Aortic Plexus?

A

Sympathetic Fibers, Parasympathetic fibers, Autonomic ganglia and visceral afferents.

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4
Q

What is the celiac plexus?

A

Celiac ganglia, superior mesenteric ganglion and aorticorenal/renal ganglia containing post ganglion sympathetic neurons.

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5
Q

What synapses in the celiac plexus?

A

Thoracic splanchnic nerves.

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6
Q

where does the parasympathetic fibers of the celiac plexus come from?

A

Vagues nerve.

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7
Q

What synapses in the multiple small ganglia of the inferior mesenteric plexus?

A

Lumbar splanchnic nerves.

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8
Q

What level is the Visceral afferents of the Inferior mesenteric plexus originating from?

A

L1-L2

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9
Q

Where do the parasympathetics of the inferior mesenteric plexus originating from?

A

Pelvic splanchnic nerves.

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10
Q

Where is the superior hypogastric plexus?

A

bifurcation of the aorta.

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11
Q

What is in the superior hypogastric plexus?

A

small sympathetic ganglia from lumbar splanchnics, paraympathetic fibers and visceral afferents from pelvic organs.

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12
Q

What is in the inferior hypogastric plexi?

A

fibers from or to superior hypogastric plexus, preganglion parasympathetic fibers from pelvic splanchnics distributed to pelvic viscera with internal iliac artery.

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13
Q

What is in the thoracic and lumbar splanchnic nerves?

A

preganglionic sympathetic and visceral pain afferents.

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14
Q

Where does the greater splanchnic nerve originate from?

A

T5-T9

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15
Q

Where dooes the greater splanchnic nerve synapse?

A

Pirmarily celiac ganglia, some fibers go directly to adrenal medulla to synapse to realse catecholamines.

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16
Q

Where does the lesser splanchnic nerve originate?

A

T10-T11

17
Q

Where does the lesser splanchnic nerve synapse?

A

Superior mesenteric ganglia.

18
Q

Where does the least splanchnic nerve originate?

A

T12

19
Q

Where does the least splanchnic nerve synpase?

A

aorticorenal ganglia.

20
Q

Where does the lumbar splanchnics originate?

A

L1-L2

21
Q

Where does the lumbar splanchnic nerve synapse?

A

inferior mesenteric and hypogastric ganglia.

22
Q

How distally does the vagus nerve innervate?

A

splanic flexure.

23
Q

Where does the Vagus nerve synapse?

A

Microscopic myenteric ganglia in the wall of the viscera.

24
Q

How does the vagus nerve trave into the abdomen?

A

As anterior and posterior gastric nerves traveling with the esophaguse.

25
Q

What does the anterior gastric nerve innervate?

A

Anterior stomach and liver distributed with left gastric and common hepatic branches of the celiac trunk.

26
Q

What does the Posterior gastric nerve innervate?

A

spleen, pancreas viea splenic artery. Primary course with superior mesenteric artery.

27
Q

What also travels with the gastric nerves?

A

Visceral afferent fibers.

28
Q

Where does Pelvic Splanchnic nerve originate from?

A

Intermediolateral cell column from S2-S4.

29
Q

What supplies the parietal peritoneum?

A

ventral rami vis intercostal or lumbar nerves causing sharp and localized pain.

30
Q

What nerves allows for the feeling of needing to pee?

A

visceral afferent fibers traveling with the pelvic splanchnics as they respond to the pressure.

31
Q

How is voiding accomplished?

A

Contraction of smooth muscle of bladder initiated by pelvic splanchnic nerves. Pubococcygeus and pelvic diaphragm relax place the bladder in direct alignment. Sphincters relaxes allowing urine to flow.

32
Q

What does the spincter of the urethra work with?

A

Pubococcygeus.

33
Q

How is elimination accomplished?

A

Increase peristalsis and simultaneous relaxtion of the puborectalis muscle and internal and external anal sphincter.

34
Q

What does the puborectalis doe?

A

pull the rectum anterioly to take the anal canal out of alignment with the rectum.

35
Q

What causes and erection?

A

Parasympathetic innervation via the internal pudendal artery causing vasodilation of the spongy erectile tissue and secretion of bulbourethral and periurethral glands.

36
Q

What happens during emissions?

A

Sympathetic inber stimulates smooth muscles of ducts of epididymis, vas deferns, prostate and seminal vesicles which is released into the prostatic urethra.

37
Q

What happens during ejaculation?

A

semen enters penile urethra and expelled by rhythmic contraction of bulbospongiosus and ischiovagernosus muscles.

38
Q

How is reflux of ejaculate prevented?

A

Contraction of internal urethral sphincter.