CB5-Health Disease and Medicine Development

Question 1

What is health

Answer 1

A state of physical and mental wellbeing

Question 2

What are the 4 main types of pathogens?

Answer 2

Viruses- Tiny non living particles that can reproduce rapidly within the body
Bacteria-Small living cells that damage cells directly or produce poisons
Fungi- Single celled organisms that have a body made up of hyphae
Protists- Single celled eukaryotic organisms

Question 3

The 3 ways our immune system battles pathogens

Answer 3

Phagocytosis, Producing antitoxins, Producing antibodies

Question 4

What is phagocytosis

Answer 4

A white blood cell finds the pathogen and engulfs it by changing shape.
The white blood cell ingests (absorbs) and digests the pathogen, destroying it.

Question 5

Producing antitoxins

Answer 5

Some bacteria produce toxins that can damage cells and tissues.
The immune system responds to this by producing antitoxins, which neutralise the toxins released by the bacteria and prevent them from causing harm.

Question 6

Producing Antibodies

Answer 6

White Blood cells can recognise foreign antigens on the surface of pathogens and produce antibodies

Question 7

What is cardiovascular disease

Answer 7

A result of the circulatory system functioning poorly

Question 8

BMI FORMULA

Answer 8

BMI= Mass/(Height Squared)

Question 9

What are antibiotics

Answer 9

Substances that kill bacteria. Antibiotics, such as penicillin, are drugs developed to cure infections caused by bacteria.

Question 10

Provide Examples of Non-specific human barriers to pathogens

Answer 10

Mucus and Cilia in Nose- Mucus traps bacteria and cilia waft this mucus back to the throat to be swallowed.
Stomach Acid- Strong HCL acid destroys pathogens that enter the stomach.
Skin- A physical barrier pathogens cannot enter through
Tears- Contain lysozomes(enzymes) that destroy any pathogen that comes near eye.