Enzyme carriers: ADP and ATP

Question 1

What happens to the energy in photosynthesis?

Answer 1

Some of the energy in sunlight is used to make food

Question 2

What happens to food in respiration?

Answer 2

The food is broken down to release energy

Question 3

The molecules ADP and ATP have vital roles in what?

Answer 3

In trapping and transferring energy in respiration and photosynthesis (and in many other cell activities)

Question 4

What is ADP an abreviation for?

Answer 4

adenosine Diphosphate

Question 5

Where is ADP found in organisms?

Answer 5

in the cells of all organisms

Question 6

What is ADP made of?

Answer 6

It is made of the base adenine, the sugar ribose and two phosphate groups.

Question 7

What is ribose?

Answer 7

Ribose is a five-carbon sugar

Question 8

What bond is unstable in ADP?

Answer 8

The bond between the two phosphate groups is an unstable bond

Question 9

What are unstable bonds represented by in diagrams?

Answer 9

a squiggly line ~

Question 10

Is ADP a low-energy molecule or an energy-rich compound?

Answer 10

ADP is a low-energy molecule

Question 11

What is ATP an abbreviation for?

Answer 11

Adenosine Triphosphate

Question 12

When does ATP form?

Answer 12

When another phosphate group is added to ADP and extra energy is also added

Question 13

In what form is extra energy added to make ATP?

Answer 13

In the form of the unstable bond between the last two phosphate groups

Question 14

What is phosphorylation

Answer 14

The process of adding a phosphate group

Question 15

The process of adding a phosphate group is known as what?

Answer 15

phosphorylation

Question 16

List the formula for the formation of ATP

Answer 16

ADP + energy + P —-> ATP + water

Question 17

List the formula for the breakdown of ATP

Answer 17

ATP + water —> ADP + energy + P

Question 18

Is ATP a low-energy molecule or an energy-rich compound?

Answer 18

ATP is an energy-rich compound

Question 19

What can be done with ATP in a cell?

Answer 19

It can be moved around a cell (it is an energy carrier)

Question 20

What is important to know about ATP being stored in a cell?

Answer 20

It cannot be stored for very long and the energy in ATP must be used immediately

Question 21

What does ATP release when it is broken down?

Answer 21

it releases energy and a phosphate and forms ADP

Question 22

Where is the energy used for the breakdown and formation of ATP found?

Answer 22

The energy is released from the bond between the last two phosphate groups

Question 23

The energy released from the last two phosphate groups in ATP is used to carry out most of what in human cells?

Answer 23

It is used to carry out most of the reactions in human cells

Question 24

Name some functions that use the energy released in the breakdown and formation of ATP

Answer 24

Functions such as muscle growth, protein production and brain activity

Question 25

What breaks down in respiration to form ATP

Answer 25

glucose