Perception Readings

Question 1

sensation and perception are…

Answer 1

active processes

Question 2

transduction

Answer 2

sensation requires converting energy in the world into internal signals that are psychologically meaningful.

Question 3

sensory receptors

Answer 3

transform energy in the environment into neural impulses that can be interpreted by the brain.

Question 4

example of SDT

Answer 4

a neurologist who recently missed a tumour on a scan is more likely to have a low threshold for reporting seeing a stimuli etc.

Question 5

order of laws for processing

Answer 5

weber’s law, fechner’s law, stevens’ power law.

Question 6

light is

Answer 6

electromagnetic radiation that travels in straight lines.

Question 7

first step of seeing

Answer 7

the cornea, pupil and lens focus light on the retina.

Question 8

second step of seeing

Answer 8

the retina transduces this visual image into neural impulses that are relayed to and interpreted by the brain.

Question 9

aqueous humour

Answer 9

supplies oxygen and other nutrients to the cornea and lens.

Question 10

lens

Answer 10

an elastic structure that is involved in focusing the eyes. the lens flattens for distant objects and becomes rounded for closer objects, this is called accommodation.

Question 11

bipolar cells

Answer 11

combine information from many receptors and produce graded potentials on ganglion cells.

Question 12

optic nerve

Answer 12

carries visual information to the brain

Question 13

blind spot

Answer 13

also called the optic disk. is the point on the retina where the optic nerve leaves the eye and where there are no photo receptors.

Question 14

bipolar cells and cones

Answer 14

a single cone may connect with a single bipolar cell.

Question 15

bipolar cells and rods

Answer 15

several rods may provide input to a single bipolar cell.

Question 16

bleaching

Answer 16

photoreceptors create graded potentials in the bipolar cells which may then fire. bleaching is the process of letting photoreceptors adjust to a change in light from bright to dark.

Question 17

dark adaption

Answer 17

is the opposite to bleaching.

Question 18

‘what pathway’

Answer 18

runs from the primary visual cortex to the temporal lobes.

Question 19

lesions in the what and where pathways

Answer 19

lesions in the what pathway leads to agnosia.

lesions in the where leads to people running into things and visual neglect.

Question 20

bionocular

Answer 20

visual input intergrated from both eyes. useful for depth perception. can pick up similarities and differences between what each eye sees.

Question 21

monocular

Answer 21

visual input from one eye.

Question 22

motion detectors

Answer 22

are ganglion cells