Cardiac Medications ☺️ Flashcards
1
Q
How do ACEi work
- CI and SE
- SE management
A
ACEi => VD, lower BV, BP
SE
- Cough
- Angioedema
- Hyperkalemia
- Hypotension
CI
- Pregnancy, breastfeeding
- Renal disease
Switch to ARB
2
Q
How do Bb work
-CI and SE
A
Bb => slow HR, block SNS activation
SE
- Bronchospasm
- Bed (vivid dreams, fatigue)
- Cold peripheries
- Erectile dysfunction
- Hypoglycemia
CI
- Asthma
- Uncontrolled heart failure
- Verapamil
3
Q
How do loop diuretics work?
- SE
- SE management
A
For fluid retention in HF, refractory HTN => inhibit NaKCl transporter
SE
- Low BP, Na, K, Cl
- Metabolic alkalosis
- Gout
- High glucose
- Ototoxicity
- Dehydration
Add K sparing if hypokalemic/arrhythmia prone
4
Q
How do K sparing diuretics work
-SE
A
Potassium sparing diuretics => prevent Na absorption via ENaC or aldosterone receptor inhibitors
SE
- High K
- Gynecomastia, less common with eplerenone
5
Q
How do thiazide diuretics work
-SE
A
Block NaCl symport
SE
- dehydration, orthostatic hypotension
- low Na, K
- High Ca
- gout
- impaired glucose tolerance
- impotence
6
Q
How does ivabradine work
-SE
A
Reduced If current => reduced cardiac pacemaker activity
SE
- headache
- bradycardia, heart block
- visual changes
CI
- pregnancy, breast feeding
- hepatic/renal impairment
7
Q
How does ranolazine work
-SE
A
Inhibits late Na from ischemia => prevents electrical and mechanical dysfunction
SE
- headache, dizziness
- N+V
- constipation
CI
- pregnancy, breast feeding
- hepatic/renal impairment
