Phylum Platyhelminthes Flashcards
Synapomorphies of Phylum Platyhelminthes:
Depressed body
Rhabdite cells
Endolecithal eggs
Protonephridia
Class “Turbellaria”
Exemplar species: Planaria tigrinum
No synapomorphies “paraphyletic”
Free-living worms
Know body systems
Class Trematoda
Exemplar species: Clonochis sinensis, Paragonimus westermani, Fasciola hepatica, Schistosoma mansoni
Digenetic flukes
Synapomorphies: Prohaptor and opisthaptor; parasitic w/ more than 2 hosts (1 mollusk); Miracidium, redia, cercaria larvae: no hooks
Obligate endoparasite
Class Monogenea
Gyrodactylus salaris
Monogenetic fluke
Synapomorphies: Opisthaptor w/ hooks
Obligate endoparasite
Class Cestoda
Taenia solium, Dipylidium caninum, Echinococcus granulosus
Tapeworms
Synapomorphies: Scolex w/ hooks or suckers; Proglottids, Cysticerus larvae, parasitic w/ more than 2 hosts
Digestive system absent
Obligate endoparasite
Rhabdite cells
Specialized cells that excrete mucus
Allow cilia to work
Endolecithal eggs
Singular egg w/ circular vacuoles loaded w/ yolk
Protonephridia (flame cells)
Flagellum creates negative pressure
Interstital fluid is drawn into the excretory canal
Fluid is pushed toward excretory pore and good substances are reabsorbed by active transport
Waste is pushed out via excretory pore
Taenia solium
Cestode
Pork and beef tapeworm
From eating raw pork or beef
Dipylidium caninum
Cestode
Dog tapeworm
From fleas
Echinococcus granulosus
Cestode
Hybrid tapeworm
From eating raw pork or beef
Live in brain
Clonorchis sinensis
Trematode
Human liver fluke
30 million
From eating cysts on raw fish
Fasciola hepatica
Trematode
Sheep liver fluke
2.4 million
From eating cysts on vegetation
Paragonimus westermani
Trematode
Human lung fluke
3 million
From eating cysts on crustaceans
Schistosoma mansoni
Trematode
Human blood fluke
200 million
Cercaria penetrate skin
