Unit 6 - Cities and Urban Land-Use Patterns and Processes

Question 1

permanently inhabited portion of the earth’s surface

Answer 1

ecumene

Question 2

areas (cities) with high concentrations of people

Answer 2

Urban

Question 3

primarily residential areas near cities

Answer 3

Suburbs

Question 4

areas (farms and villages) with low concentrations of people

Answer 4

Rural

Question 5

a place with a permanent human population

Answer 5

settlement

Question 6

the process of developing towns and cities which is an ongoing process that does not end once a city is formed

Answer 6

urbanization

Question 7

an indicator or the proportion of the population that lives in cities and towns as compared to those that live in rural areas

Answer 7

percent (%) urban

Question 8

the process of people moving, usually from cities, to residential areas on the outskirts of cities

Answer 8

suburbanization

Question 9

suburbanites that return to live in the city

Answer 9

reurbanization

Question 10

people moving farther out into rural areas and work remotely

Answer 10

exurbanization

Question 11

an established town near a very large city grows into a city independent of the larger one

Answer 11

satellite city

Question 12

the most prosperous of the earliest agricultural settlements that grew into urban centers shortly after the Neolithic Revolution

Answer 12

city-states

Question 13

early city-states emerged in several locations around the globe and were areas generally associated with river valleys in which seasonal floods and fertile soil aided the production of an agricultural surplus

Answer 13

urban hearths

Question 14

a collection of adjacent cities across which population density is high and continuous

Answer 14

metropolitan area or metro area

Question 15

An MSA consists of a city of at least 50,000 people, the county in which it is located, and adjacent counties that have a high degree of social and economic integration or connection with the urban core.

Answer 15

Metropolitan Statistical Area

Question 16

Cities that are more than 10,000 inhabitants (but less than 50,000), the county in which they are located, and surrounding counties with a high degree of integration.

Answer 16

Micropolitan Statistical Area

Question 17

a region organized around a focal point and are defined by an activity that occurs across that region

Answer 17

nodal region (functional region)

Question 18

social characteristics of an urban area (meaning the population of cities (plural) as compared to other areas) that contains a great variety of people

Answer 18

social heterogeneity

Question 19

the shrinking “time distance” between locations because of improved methods of transportation and communication

Answer 19

time-space compression

Question 20

an urban model that describes urban growth based on transportation technology

Answer 20

Borchert’s Model

Question 21

a city shaped by the distances people could walk

Answer 21

pedestrian city

Question 22

communities that grew up along rail lines often creating a pinwheel shaped city

Answer 22

streetcar suburbs

Question 23

a model stating that places that are larger and closer together will have a greater interaction than places that are smaller and farther away from each other

Answer 23

Gravity Model

Question 24

One way to describe how the sizes of cities within a region may develop. The “n”th largest city in any region will be 1/”n” the size of the largest city

Answer 24

rank-size rule

Question 25

The largest city in an urban system that is more than twice as large as the next largest city and is usually a social, political, or economic hub for the system offering wider services than do the many smaller cities.

Answer 25

primate city

Question 26

A theory proposed by German geographer Walter Christaller in 1933 that was developed to explain the distribution of cities of different sizes across a region.

Answer 26

Central Place Theory

Question 27

a place where people go to receive goods and services

Answer 27

central place

Question 28

the area surrounding a central place from which people are attracted to use the place’s goods and services

Answer 28

market area (or hinterland)

Question 29

Christaller chose to depict these market areas as these because this shape was a compromise between a square (in which people living in the corners would be farther from the central place) and a circle (in which there would be overlapping areas of service).

Answer 29

hexagonal hinterlands

Question 30

the size of population necessary for any particular service to exist and remain profitable

Answer 30

threshold

Question 31

the distance people will travel to obtain specific goods and services

Answer 31

range

Question 32

the world’s largest cities that typically have more than ten million people

Answer 32

megacities

Question 33

cities that exert influence far beyond their national boundaries

Answer 33

world cities or global cities

Question 34

a continuously developed string of cities or a chain of connected cities

Answer 34

megalopolis

Question 35

the merging of cities into a single, uninterrupted urban area

Answer 35

conurbation

Question 36

portions of an urban area–regions, or zones, within the city–have specific and distinct purposes.

Answer 36

functional zonation

Question 37

Often the commercial heart of a city and is the central focus of transportation and services.

Answer 37

central business district (CBD)

Question 38

A model that describes the city as a series of rings that surround a central business district.

Answer 38

concentric zone model or Burgess Model

Question 39

The first ring around the CBD in the Burgess Model that includes industrial uses mixed with poor quality housing.

Answer 39

zone of transition

Question 40

A model that describes sectors of land use for low-, medium-, and high-income housing. There is also a transportation sector extending from the edge to the center of the city.

Answer 40

sector model or Hoyt’s Model

Question 41

This model suggested that functional zonation occurred around multiple centers or nodes. The characteristics of each node either attracted or repelled certain types of activities.

Answer 41

multiple-nuclei model