10.7 Adaptations Flashcards
(10 cards)
What are adaptations
Adaptations are characteristics that increase an organisms chance of survival and reproduction in its environment
What are the three groups adaptations can be divided into
Anatomical adaptations - physical features (internal and external)
Behavioural adaptation - the way an organisms acts. These can be inherited or learnt
Physiological adaptations - processes that take place inside an organism
What ar some examples of anatomical adaptations
Body covering - many different body covering eg hair, scales, feathers. These can help organisms to fly help stay warm, provide protection
Mimicry - allows harmless organisms to fool predators into thinking there harmful
Camouflage - harder for predators to spot it
Marram grass adaptations
It is adapted to live in an environment with little water as it reduces the rate of transpiration and include
- curled leaves to minimise SA and protect leaves from the wind
- hairs to trap moist air close to leaf to reduce diffusion gradient
What are some examples of behavioural adaptations
Survival behaviours - g playing dead
Courtship
Seasonal behaviours - migration, hibernation
Behavioural adaptation fall into two main categories what are they
- innate behaviour - ability to do this is inherited through genes
- learned behaviour - learnt from experience or from observing other animals
What are some examples of physiological adaptations
Poison production
Antibiotic production
Water holding
What are analogous structure
Structures that have adapted to perform the same function but have different origin
What is convergent evolution
Organisms evolve similarities because the organisms adapt to similar environments or other selection pressure
When does convergent evolution take place
When unrelated species begin to share similar traits as the organisms live in a similar way to each other
