Nervous Control

Question 1

Nervous system

Answer 1

brain, spinal chord, neurons
detects stimuli (change in environment, could be internal too) and responds to it

Question 2

Central nervous system

Answer 2

brain and spinal chord

Question 3

peripheral nervous system

Answer 3

nerves

Question 4

Voluntary responses

Answer 4

conscious decision to have a response

eg. smiling

Question 5

Involuntary response

Answer 5

automatic response when the brain receives a nerve impulse

eg. sweating in response to higher body temp

Question 6

Types of neurons

Answer 6

• sensory neurons
• motor neurons
• relay neurons

Question 7

Sensory neurons

Answer 7

carries nerve impulses away away from receptor (to the central nervous system) cells when stimulus is detected

Question 8

Structures in a neuron

- Dendrites

Answer 8

receives signal from receptor cells

Question 9

Structures in a neuron

- cell body

Answer 9

contains the nucleus

controls functions of the cell

Question 10

Structures in a neuron

- axon terminals

Answer 10

pass impulses to other neurons

Question 11

Structures in a neuron

- dendron

Answer 11

transmits nerve impulses towards the cell body

Question 12

Structures in a neuron

- axon

Answer 12

transmits nerve impulses away from the cell body

Question 13

Relay neurons

Answer 13

Carries nerve impulses from sensory to motor neurons (in the spinal chord)
also found in the brain

Question 14

Motor neurons

Answer 14

carries nerve impulses from the brain/spinal chord to effectors (muscles, glands etc)

Question 15

The Synapse

Answer 15

Junctions between two neurons

allows impulse to travel from axon terminal of one neuron to a dendrite in another

Question 16

neurotransmitters

Answer 16

A substance that allows the transmission of information across a synaptic gap
(in the vesicles)

Question 17

What happens when a nerve impulse arrives at the axon terminal of a neuron

Answer 17

1. Vesicles release neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft
2. The neurotransmitters travel across the gap by diffusion
3. The neurotransmitters bind with receptor molecules on the dendrite of the other neuron
4. A nerve impulse is triggered in this neuron

Question 18

Reflex actions

Answer 18

• automatic
• rapid
• innate

Question 19

Reflex arc

Answer 19

receptor → sensory neuron → relay neuron → motor neuron → effector

Question 20

Receptors

Answer 20

cells that detect stimuli

your senses

Question 21

Effectors

Answer 21

a muscle or a gland that produces a response to a stimuli