107.3 Localization And Internationalization

Question 1

Shutdown and reboot the system.

Answer 1

shutdown -r

Question 2

Cancel a pending shutdown.

Answer 2

shutdown -c

Question 3

Stops the system immediately, without nicely killing processes or unmounting file systems, so not a clean way to shut down.

Answer 3

halt

Question 4

Set system date and time.

Answer 4

date -s

Question 5

In Fedora: Command to modify /etc/localtime and /etc/timezone files.

Answer 5

tzconfig

Question 6

In Debian: Command to modify /etc/localtime and /etc/timezone files.

Answer 6

dpkg-reconfigure tzdata

Question 7

A menu-driven way to change the timezone.

Answer 7

tzselect

Question 8

Set UTC as the local time by creating a symbolic link.

Answer 8

ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/UTC /etc/localtime

Question 9

Command to display all of the current locale settings.

Answer 9

locale

Question 10

Command to display all available locales.

Answer 10

locale -a

Question 11

Command to print (to the screen) all environment variables.

Answer 11

env

printenv

Question 12

Command to convert between different character encodings.

Answer 12

iconv -f [from encoding] -t [to encoding] [file] > newfile

Question 13

See a list of supported encodings.

Answer 13

iconv -l

Question 14

Command to generate a locale from /etc/locale.gen.

Answer 14

locale-gen [language abbreviation] [ISO number]

Then add to /etc/locale.conf, which is what gets listed with locale -a

Question 15

Command to demote an environment variable back to a shell variable.

Answer 15

export -n [name]

Question 16

List localization and language environment variable overrides.

Answer 16

LC_* overrides LANG overrides LANGUAGE

Question 17

Environment variable that sets the default language.

Answer 17

LANG

Overridden by any of the LC_* variables

Question 18

Environment variable that sets collation rules for regular expressions and sorting.

Answer 18

LC_COLLATE

Question 19

Environment variable that refers to a person’s name.

Answer 19

LC_NAME

Question 20

Environment variable that specifies the type of hardware terminal to emulate when running the shell.

Answer 20

TERM

Question 21

Environment variable that describes the shell that will interpret commands, the default is Bash.

Answer 21

SHELL

Question 22

Term for a worldwide character encoding standard that can represent nearly all languages.

Answer 22

Unicode

Question 23

Environment variable related to time that is not part of the locale settings.

Answer 23

LC_TIMEZONE

Question 24

Environment variable that overrides the default time zone.

Answer 24

TZ

Question 25

Linux locale settings include:

Answer 25

1. character type 2. language 3. number formatting 4. currency type and symbol 5. collation 6. date and time format 7. a person's name format 8. printer paper default type 9. telephone number format 10. format for system messages More

Question 26

Term for a type of character encoding capable of encoding all possible characters (code points) defined by Unicode.

Answer 26

Unicode Transformation Format-8 (UTF-8) | Uses variable-length 8-bit code units for its encoding

Question 27

Term for a series of standards for 8-bit ASCII-based character encodings, published in 1987, intended for Western European languages.

Answer 27

ISO 8859

Question 28

Paths to user configuration files with precedence.

Answer 28

~/.bash_profile --> ~/.profile --> ~/.bashrc

Question 29

Paths to system configuration files with precedence.

Answer 29

/etc/environment --> /etc/profile --> /etc/bash.bashrc

Question 30

Path to the configuration file and environment variable to set all system messages to Japanese.

Answer 30

/etc/bash_profile | LC_MESSAGES="ja"

Question 31

Path to the conf file where the locale is set for a user.

Answer 31

~/.profile

Question 32

Path to the directory that contains a list of all time zones.

Answer 32

/usr/share/zoneinfo/

Question 33

Path to the file that stores the default locale.

Answer 33

/usr/bin/locale | Overridden by LC_ALL

Question 34

Path to the binary file that is either a symbolic link to or copy of a time zone information file such as /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo.

Answer 34

/etc/localtime

Question 35

Path to the text file that sets the current system time zone.

Answer 35

/etc/timezone