Proteins Flashcards
1
Q
Amino Acids
A
Structure:
- Central carbon
- Amine group (NH2)
- Carboxyl group (COOH)
- Hydrogen atom (H)
- Variable R group
2
Q
Dipeptides
A
Two amino acids are joined by peptide bonds to form a dipeptide through a condensation reaction.
3
Q
Primary structure
A
The sequence and number of amino acids in a polypeptide
4
Q
Secondary structure
A
The coiling or folding of the polypeptide into alpha helixes or beta pleated sheets
5
Q
Tertiary structure
A
The folding and coiling of the secondary structures to form a complex 3D shape (Maintained by 4 different bonds)
6
Q
Quaternary
A
Two or more polypeptide chains chemically bonded together
7
Q
Bonds
A
- Peptide bond
- Disulphide bridges
- Ionic bonds
- Hydrogen bonds
- Hydrophobic interactions
8
Q
Collagen
A
Structure:
- Fibrous protein
- Primary: Three separate polypeptide chains
- Secondary: Alpha helix
- Tertiary: Chain twisted into second helix
- Quaternary: 3 chains wound together like a rope held by hydrogen bonds (Forms microfibril)
Function/Properties:
- Strong and tough
- Found in tendons, bones and cartilage
9
Q
Haemoglobin
A
Structure:
- Globular protein
- Primary: 4 polypeptide chains
- Secondary: Alpha helix
- Tertiary: Each chain folded into specific shape
- Quaternary: 2 pairs of polypeptides, alpha and beta, linked to form a spherical shape
Function/Properties:
-Transport oxygen
