Water Transport in Plants

Question 1

xylem tissue function

Answer 1

transports water + mineral from soil to leaves

Question 2

xylem vessels composed of what

Answer 2

tracheids

Question 3

long, hollow, dead cells

Answer 3

tracheids or vessel elements

Question 4

phloem tissue function

Answer 4

transports sugar produced during photosynthesis throughout plant

Question 5

phloem cells composed of what

Answer 5

living cells

Question 6

water enters plant roots through what process

Answer 6

osmosis

Question 7

do hundreds of root hair increase surface area

Answer 7

yes

Question 8

minerals move into root through what process

Answer 8

facilitated diffusion or active transport

Question 9

reasons fluid can flow up xylem against gravity

Answer 9

water properties of cohesion and adhesion
pushing pressure created by turgor pressure in root xylem
pulling force of transpiration through leaves

Question 10

getting nutrients and water required for life

Answer 10

nutrition

Question 11

transport of nutrients and wastes over short and long distances

Answer 11

transportation systems

Question 12

movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between organisms and environments

Answer 12

gas exchange

Question 13

removal of wastes from cell processes

Answer 13

waste removal

Question 14

how is transportation of materials accomplished in unicellular organisms

Answer 14

steaming of cytoplasm

Question 15

steaming def

Answer 15

moving

Question 16

how is transportation of materials accomplished in multicellular organisms

Answer 16

vascular tissues

xylem + phloem

Question 17

where r vascular tissues found

Answer 17

roots, stem, leaves

Question 18

xylem tissues r dead at maturity (T/F)

Answer 18

T

Question 19

only consist of cell walls

Answer 19

xylem tubes

Question 20

what is an outgrowth of single epidermal cell

Answer 20

each root hair

Question 21

xylem sap

Answer 21

accumulation of water ands minerals in root xylem

Question 22

water molecules attracted to each other by what

Answer 22

cohesion

Question 23

cohesion def

Answer 23

attraction between like molecules

Question 24

does cohesion help to explain how water + minerals move up plant stem

Answer 24

yes

Question 25

as water evaporates and escapes leaves, less water moves from soil to roots (T/F)

Answer 25

F

more water

Question 26

always continuous stream of water flowing up plant (T/F)

Answer 26

T

Question 27

adhesion def

Answer 27

tendency of water molecules to stick/adhere to certain surfaces

Question 28

why xylem sap clings to xylem walls + what it prevents

Answer 28

adhesion

prevents sap from falling back down

Question 29

root pressure def

Answer 29

turgor pressure inside root xylem pushing fluid up

Question 30

why does water diffuse into root xylem

Answer 30

as root cells bring in minerals, mineral concentration increases
we want an equilibrium

Question 31

what happens when root pressure builds up

Answer 31

liquid forced up in xylem vessels

Question 32

transpiration generates what in taller plants + why

Answer 32

tension

as water vapour leaves, air becomes drier within leaf

Question 33

what does tension doing in tall plants

Answer 33

pulls xylem sap up

Question 34

what does transpiration + tension result in

Answer 34

water in soil traveling along xylem vessels to replenish water loss

Question 35

what do some phloem cells lack

Answer 35

nuclei

Question 36

phloem cells form what

Answer 36

phloem vessels w porous cell walls

Question 37

pours cell walls in phloem vessels allow what

Answer 37

organic food material to be transported to all parts of plants

Question 38

phloem consists of what

Answer 38

sieve tubes + companion cells arranged end-to-end

Question 39

sieve plates def

Answer 39

perforated section separating sieve tubes + companion cells in phloem vessels

Question 40

phloem sap def

Answer 40

moisture of sugars, nutrients, and water

Question 41

phloem sap flows which way on concentration gradient

Answer 41

down

Question 42

fluid pressure does what to phloem sap

Answer 42

pushes it through pores into neighbouring cells