PL.2

Question 1

What functional group does amines have?

Answer 1

-NH2 amine functional group.

Question 2

How many alkyl groups are attached to the nitrogen in primary amines?

Answer 2

One.

Question 3

How many alkyl groups are attached to the nitrogen in secondary amines?

Answer 3

Two.

Question 4

What does the amine group look like in secondary amines?

Answer 4

-NH-

Question 5

How many alkyl groups are attached to the nitrogen in tertiary amines?

Answer 5

Three.

Question 6

How many hydrogens are attached to the nitrogen in tertiary amines?

Answer 6

None.

Question 7

What are the two ways of naming amines?

Answer 7

-amine, e.g. methylamine, or amino-, e.g. 2-aminopropane.

Question 8

What properties of amines are cause by the presence of a lone pair on the nitrogen?

Answer 8

Its solubility in water and ability to act as a base.

Question 9

What is the trend between the size of an amine chain and it solubility in water?

Answer 9

Longer chain amines are not as soluble in water as shorter chain amines.

Question 10

The amine with a lone pair can act as a proton what?

Answer 10

Acceptor. Therefore it acts as a base.

Question 11

What is the general formula for primary amide?

Answer 11

R-CONH2

Question 12

Carboxylic acid is not reactive enough to react with amines to produce amides, what is normally used instead?

Answer 12

Acyl chloride or acid anhydride.

Question 13

What is the general formula for secondary amide?

Answer 13

R-CONH-R’

Question 14

What are polymers called when the linking group of the monomers is a secondary amide group?

Answer 14

Polyamides, or nylons.

Question 15

What monomers are polyamides or nylons made from?

Answer 15

Diamine and dicarboxylic acid, or acid derivatives could be used as well.

Question 16

When a nylon has two numbers in its name, what does the first number correspond to?

Answer 16

The number of carbon atoms in the diamine.

Question 17

When a nylon has two numbers in its name, what does the second number correspond to?

Answer 17

The number of carbon atoms in the dicarboxylic acid.

Question 18

When a nylon only has one number in its name, what does it indicate about its monomer?

Answer 18

There’s only one monomer, and it contains an amine group at one end and a carboxylic group at the other.

Question 19

What are acyl chlorides?

Answer 19

They are essentially reactive forms of carboxylic acid.

Question 20

What suffix is given to indicate acyl chloride?

Answer 20

-yl chloride

Question 21

What are two examples of reactions where they are used instead of carboxylic acids to increase reactivity?

Answer 21

• Reacting with amines to produce amides.

- Reacting with alcohols to produce esters.