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Biology > Photosynthesis > Flashcards

Photosynthesis Flashcards

1
Q

Write a balanced equation to summarise the process of photosynthesis

A

6CO2+6H2O—(light and chlorophyl)–> C6H12O6+6O2

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2
Q

Name the energy source for photosynthesis

A

sun

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3
Q

In what main part of a plant does most photosynthesis take place

A

Chloroplast

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4
Q

Name structures in plant cells in which photosynthesis takes place

A

Chlorophyll

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5
Q

What is the role of chlorophyl?

A

Absorb light needed for photosynthesis

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6
Q

Name gas used and produced by photosynthesis

A

Used: CO2
Produced: O2

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7
Q

Carbon dioxide is essential for photosynthesis. Where does it enter the leaf?

A

Stomata

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8
Q

From your knowledge of photosynthesis suggest a way to increase the yield of plants such as lettuces in a greenhouse?

A

Add more CO2 as it increases the level of photosynthesis

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9
Q

State a precise role for each of the following in photosynthesis

(i) Carbon dioxide
(ii) Water

A

(i) supplies Carbon to form glucose

(ii) photolysis of water supplies hydrogen and electrons for glucose formation

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10
Q

Suggest a way in which the rate of photosynthesis of plants in a greenhouse could be increased

A

adding more light/temperature to increase the rate of reaction

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11
Q

What is the relationship between the rate of photosynthesis and either the light intensity and carbon dioxide concentration

A

Light intensity: provides energy

Carbon dioxide: supplies carbon for glucose formation

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12
Q

The cells in the palisade layer contain many organelles that carry out photosynthesis. Suggest why the cells here obtain more if these that organelles than the cells in the spongy mesohpyl

A

They are closer to the upper epidermis meaning they have more light

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13
Q

What plant did you use for the photosynthesis experiment?

A

elodea

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14
Q

During the first stage of photosynthesis energised electrons enter two pathways. where do the energised electrons come from?

A

Chlorophyl

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15
Q

Give the alternative name for the first stage of photosynthesis

A

light stage

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16
Q

Two products of the light stage of photosynthesis are vital for the dark stage. Name these products

A

ATP, NADPH

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17
Q

In the second stage of photosynthesis compounds of the general formula Cx(H2O)y are formed. what name is given to this group of compounds?

A

Carbohydrates

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18
Q

Light energy trapped by chlorophyl is used to split water. List 3 products that result when water is split

A
  1. O2
  2. Protons
  3. Electrons
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19
Q

Name the simple compound that supplies the necessary energy for the second stage reactions in photosynthesis

A

ATP

20
Q

Explain role of NADP- in photosynthesis

A

Protons from photolysis combine with NADP- to form NADPH

21
Q

Why is the dark stage of photosynthesis given the alternative name of the light independent stage

A

it does not need/require light

22
Q

Name a gas that is essential for the dark stage of photosynthesis

A

Carbon dioxide

23
Q

What happens to water molecules when they reach the sites of photosynthesis

A

Photolysis

24
Q

During photosynthesis oxygen is produced.

(i) From what substance is it produced?
(ii) In which stage of photosynthesis is oxygen produced?

A

(i) Water

(ii) 2

25
Q

Give 2 possible fates of oxygen following its production

A

(i) released into atmosphere

(ii) respiration

26
Q

In photosynthesis water is split into 3 products

  1. Name the three products
  2. State what happens to each
A
  1. oxygen, hydrogen and electrons
  2. oxygen: released in air
    hydrogen: combines with NADP- to form NADPH
    Electrons: replenish the original pair of electrons and they loose energy to form ATP
27
Q

What does ATP stand for?

A

Adenine tri-phosphate

28
Q

what is the role of ATP in cells

A
  • supplies energy

- formation of glucose

29
Q

In which of the stages of photosynthesis does ATP form?

A

Stage 1

30
Q

From what simple compound does the plant obtain the H used to make compounds of the general formula Cx(H2O)y?

A

water

31
Q

Give an account of role of each of the following in photosynthesis

  1. ATP
  2. NADP
A
  1. ATP:
    - provides energy
    - forms glucose in dark stage
  2. NADP
    - accepts electrons and hydrogen ions
    - forms NADPH
32
Q

State a precise role for each of the following in photosynthesis

  1. Carbon dioxide
  2. Water
A
  1. Carbon dioxide
    - supplies carbon for glucose formation
  2. Water
    - photolysis of water supplies hydrogen and electrons for glucose production in dark stage
33
Q

What do excess glucose molecules form?

A

starch

34
Q

How can you achieve greater plant growth in greenhouses?

A
  • increased temperature
  • Increased lighting
  • Increased CO2
35
Q

Why is an aquatic plant such as elodea rather than terrestrial plant used when investigating the rate of photosynthesis?

A

To see and count gas bubbles easily

36
Q

Name the cell organelle that contains chlorophyl

A

Chloroplast

37
Q

Suggest why it is an advantage that chlorophyl contains a number of chemicals rather than just one

A

Absorb more energy

38
Q

Outline the events of the dark stage of photosynthesis

A
  • NADPH from the light stage supplies protons and electrons
  • ATP supplies energy
  • CO2 combines with electrons and with protons to form glucose
39
Q

Explain how the dark stage is necessary for the continuation of the light stage

A

Products such as NADP AND ADP+P are used in the light stage

40
Q

Using your knowledge of chlorophyll and photosynthesis describe 1 way to increase plant production in a greenhouse

A

Optimum temperature
increase the artificial lighting
increase the artificial CO2

41
Q

Name 2 products of light dependant stage

A
  • ATP

- NADPH

42
Q

Outline the events of the light-independent stage

A
  • ATP supplies energy
  • NADPH provides electrons and protons
  • CO2 is converted to glucose
43
Q

Describe Pathway 1

A
  • Light is absorbed
  • It energises electrons
  • electrons pass through electron acceptors
  • electrons return back to chlorophyl
  • electrons loose energy this energy is trapped by ADP and P to form ATP and water
44
Q

Describe Pathway 2

A
  • Light is absorbed and energises electrons
  • electrons pass through electron acceptors
  • 2 electrons are trapped by NADP+ forming NADP-
  • photolysis occurs and splits water into oxygen, protons and electrons
  • protons and NADP- combine forming NADPH
  • Oxygen is released into the atmosphere
  • electrons replenish the original pair of electrons
  • The electrons loose energy forming ATP
45
Q

Why can’t second stage happen without the first stage

A

Products of first stage (ATP and NADPH) is required for the second stage

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