alcohol problems

Question 1

psychoactive substance def.

Answer 1

any substance w central nervous system effects - recreational drugs, alcohol, nicotine, caffeine, OTC meds, poisons, toxins

Question 2

intoxication def.

Answer 2

transient substnace specific condition that occurs after use of substance
- symptoms include disturbancesin consciousness, perception, mood behaviour and physical functioning.

Question 3

hazardous use def.

Answer 3

quantity or pattern of use that places user at risk of dangerous consequences without symps of dependence

Question 4

harmful use def.

Answer 4

qunatity of pattern or use that puts causes harmful consequences for the user withoyt symptoms of dependence

Question 5

dependence ICD 10 diagnosis

Answer 5

3 or more together at some time in the previous year

• strong desire or compulsion to take substance
• difficulties in controlling substane taking behaviour
• physiological withdrawal state when substance use has reduced or ceased
• tolerance
• priority given to subtance with neglect of other interests
• persistence despite harm

Question 6

how to calculate litres

Answer 6

ABV x volume in litres

Question 7

uncomplicated alcohol withdrawal syndrome presentation

Answer 7

• 4-12 hrs after cessation
• tremulousness , sweating and nausea
  mood disturbance
• sensitivity to sound
• autonomic hyperactivity (thacy, hypertension, mydriasis, pyrexia)
• sleep dsturance , psychomotor agitation

Question 8

delerium tremens presentation

Answer 8

• 1-7 days after cessation
• altered cobsciousnnes and marked cognitive impairment
• vivid hallucinations and illysions
• marked terror
• autonomuc arousal
• paranoid delsuions
• mortality of 5-15% due to CV collapse, hypothermia/ hyperthermia

Question 9

wernickes presentation

Answer 9

acute confusion, ataxia, nystagmus, opthalmoplegia

Question 10

prevention of wernickes

Answer 10

IM/ IV thiamine (pabrinex)

Question 11

medication for delrium tremens

Answer 11

1. benzos w antipsycotics as adjunt

2. IM/IV thiamine (pabrinex)

Question 12

mediation that helps maintaining sobriety

Answer 12

• disulfiram - adverse reaction alcohol
• acamprosate - reduced cravings
• maltrexone and nalmefene - reduces pleasurable effects

Question 13

korsakoff presentation

Answer 13

excessive anterograde and retrograde amnesia, frontal lobe dysfunction and psychotic symptoms