Exam #3

Question 1

Interphase

Answer 1

The time interval between cellular reproductions

Question 2

Karyotype

Answer 2

The figure produced when the chromosomes of a species during metaphase are arranged according to their homologous pairs

Question 3

Diploid cell

Answer 3

A cell with chromosomes that come in homologous pairs or two sets of chromosomes

Question 4

Gametes

Answer 4

Haploid cells (n) produced by diploid cells (2n) for the purpose of sexual reproduction

Question 5

Dominant allele

Answer 5

An allele that will determine phenotype if just one is present in the genotype

Question 6

Recessive allele

Answer 6

An allele that will not determine the phenotype unless the genotype is homozygous in that allele

Question 7

Genotype

Answer 7

Two-letter set that represents the alleles an organism possesses for a certain trait

Question 8

Phenotype

Answer 8

The observable expression of an organism’s genes

Question 9

Monohybrid cross

Answer 9

A cross between two individuals, concentrating on only one definable trait

Question 10

Dihybrid cross

Answer 10

A cross between two individuals, concentrating on two definable traits

Question 11

Incomplete dominance

Answer 11

Inheritance pattern in which heterozygotes have a phenotype intermediate between the phenotypes of the homozygotes

Question 12

Restriction enzyme

Answer 12

An enzyme that recognizes and cuts DNA only at a specific sequence of nucleotides

Question 13

Genetically modified organism

Answer 13

An organism that has been genetically altered by humans