UTI/pyelonephritis

Question 1

Three signs/symptoms of pyelonephritis

Answer 1

 Fever, rigors
 Loin pain and tenderness
 Vomiting
 Oliguria if acute renal failure

Question 2

Three signs/symptoms of cystitis?

Answer 2

  Frequency and urgency 
  Polyuria 
  Haematuria 
  Dysuria 
  Suprapubic tenderness 
  Foul smelling urine

Question 3

Three signs and symptoms of prostatitis?

Answer 3

 Flu-like symptoms
 Low backache
 Dysuria
 Tender swollen prostate on PR

Question 4

Two differentials for sterile pyuria?

Answer 4

=negative culture but raised WCC

 TB
 Treated UTI
 Appendicitis
 Calculi

Question 5

Three risk factors for UTI?

Answer 5

  Female 
  Sex 
  Pregnancy 
  Menopause 
  DM 
  Abnormal tract: stone, obstruction, catheter, 
malformation

Question 6

Name two organisms associated with UTIs

Answer 6

E.coli
Staph saphrophyticus
Klebsiella
Proteus
Enterococcus

Question 7

Treatment for cystitis?

Answer 7

 Trimethoprim 200mg BD
 Nitrofurantoin 50mg QDS (not in RF)
Rx for 3-6d

Question 8

Treatment for pyelonephritis?

Answer 8

7-10 days
cefalexin
co-amoxiclav
ciprofloxacin

Question 9

Name a fungus associated with UTIs?

Answer 9

candida albicans

Question 10

What is the management of UTI in pregnancy?

Answer 10

first line: nitrofurantoin (first two trimesters)
second line: cefalexin or amox
7 days abx

Question 11

If patient become septic from UTI, what is the treatment?

Answer 11

amox and gent

Question 12

Name four gram negative organisms that cause UTIs

Answer 12

(gut organisms) 1. E.coli 2. Kelbsiella 3. Pseudomonas sp 4. Proteus sp

Question 13

Discuss the caution to be taken with treating pregnant women for UTIs

Answer 13

trimethoprim avoided in 1st trimester, nitrofurantoin avoided near term (3rd trimester)

Question 14

Which antibiotics are safe to treat UTIs in pregnant women?

Answer 14

amoxicillin and cefalexin

Question 15

Name one complication of pyelonephritis?

Answer 15

renal abscess

Question 16

What are the symptoms of acute bacterial prostatitis?

Answer 16

back pain, UTI symptoms, urinary retention, pyrexia

Question 17

Name three complications of acute bacterial prostatitis

Answer 17

1. Abscess 2. Spontaneous rupture of urethra/rectum 3. Systemic sepsis

Question 18

Which infection is chronic prostatitis associated with?

Answer 18

chlamydia

Question 19

Which virus is associated with orchitis?

Answer 19

mumps