ethnic DEA - external factors

Question 1

whats the highest achieving ethnic group at gcse?

Answer 1

chinese and indian asian pupils

Question 2

platt - material deprivation (chinese)

Answer 2

highest hourly rates of pay for male full-time employees in the UK were for chinese ethnic groups - similar patterns of educational achievement.

however cultural factors seem to counteract low income to some extent. e.g chinese on free school meals

Question 3

archer - cultural deprivation/differences (chinese)

Answer 3

• valuing education was a defining feature of british-chinese identity - evoked by parents as a means for defining themselves in relation to other ethnic groups - ‘being the best’
• high expectations and career planning as an ‘everyday’ practice - effective strategy for motivating children and helping them make the most of educational choices and opportunities
• investment of time and money
• social competition
• ‘safe, known routes’
• education as an ‘escape

Question 4

ethnic group: asian (indian, pakistani, bangladeshi)

Answer 4

• indian second highest achieving ethnic group after chinese
• bangladeshi students above national average
• pakistani students are the lowest achieving asian group, below white british.

Question 5

basit - indians and pakistanis

Answer 5

• found that cultural factors had an impact on educational achievement
• studied 3 generations; grandparents, parents and children and collected data on attitudes.
• all pps place high value on education and saw free state education as a ‘blessing’
• tended to put considerable efforts and resources into helping their children achieve.

suggests that stable, supportive families who are keen on educational achievement may be the key to understanding the relative success of some minority groups.

Question 6

ethnic group: black african

Answer 6

achievement is higher than white british and pakistani

Question 7

iberi - black african

Answer 7

• shows that parents having high aspirations is fundamental to educational success - must be complemented by other equally important values.
• for some ethnic minority students, experience of poverty, deprivation and racism may be the catalysts for educational success.

Question 8

ethnic group: black caribbean

Answer 8

not achieving as highly as black africans

Question 9

vincent et al - studied black caribbean middle class

Answer 9

• found that black MC were particularly concerned with and actively involved in their childs education
• it was found teachers often treated them as if they know less about their child’s education than white MC , despite having similar qualifications
• expected black MC to be far less interested in education than white peers.

Question 10

sewell

Answer 10

• claims that being brought up by a lone mother can lead to some boys lacking role models and the discipline provided by a father figure.
• thus they may be attracted to gangs that encourage an aggressive masculinity. = lack of concern for academic achievement

evaluation - sewell is criticised for victim blaming rather than blaming the inadequacies of the education system - other factors involved.

Question 11

ethnic group: white british/ white british working class

Answer 11

white british working class are one of the lowest achieving groups
white british students outperformed by several ethnic minority groups including indian and chinese

Question 12

government stats

Answer 12

the gap in achievement between free school meals and non free school students is very high compared with em groups

Question 13

lupton

Answer 13

teachers reported lower levels of behaviour and discipline in white WC schools
- blamed this on lower levels of parental support and negative attitudes

Question 14

moons and ivins

Answer 14

found parental involvement with their children’s education was greater in EM group.
- a higher proportion saw their children’s education as parents responsibility rather than the schools

Question 15

research into language differences from 2000 onwards

Answer 15

language differences may cause some difficulties in doing some schoolwork and communicating with teachers.
white MC teachers may mistake language difficulties for lack of ability and therefore have lower expectations.

Question 16

rex - racism in wider society

Answer 16

shows how racial discrimination leads to social exclusion and how this worsens the poverty faced by EM

e,g links to diet and health (howard)

Question 17

wood et al

Answer 17

• found that only 1/16 EM applications were offered an interview, compared to 1/9 white application.
• em more likely to face unemployment, negative effect on children’s education.