11-17 Flashcards
(7 cards)
Methods of communication, their advantages and disadvantages.
Communication methods include face-to-face, written, phone calls, emails, and digital platforms like video conferencing. Face-to-face offers rich, immediate feedback but can be time-consuming and costly. Written communication provides a record and clarity but lacks tone and instant response. Digital methods are fast and convenient but risk misinterpretation and technical glitches. Knowing when and how to use each method is the secret sauce to effective communication.
Business conversation, its types. Stages of the conversation
Business conversations can be formal or informal, persuasive or informative, and sometimes confrontational or cooperative. The main types include negotiations, consultations, and briefings. The conversation typically follows stages: preparation, opening, main discussion, and closing, each with its own goals and tactics. Mastering these helps control the flow, influence outcomes, and build professional relationships.
Business negotiations. Negotiation models. Styles of interaction.
Negotiations are deliberate discussions aimed at reaching agreements that satisfy all parties. Models like distributive (win-lose) focus on dividing fixed resources, while integrative (win-win) seek mutual benefit through collaboration. Interaction styles vary from competitive and assertive to cooperative and accommodating, each influencing the negotiation’s tone and outcome. Mastering when to switch styles is key to closing deals and building lasting partnerships.
The basic principles of business ethics. Managerial ethics.
Business ethics revolve around honesty, integrity, fairness, and respect—guiding decisions that impact people and society. Managers hold extra responsibility to model ethical behavior, ensure transparency, and create a culture where doing the right thing is non-negotiable. Ethical lapses don’t just harm reputation—they can destroy trust, morale, and even the bottom line.
Ethics and management decisions. Professional ethics.
Management decisions must balance profitability with fairness, transparency, and social responsibility. Ethical managers consider the impact of their choices on employees, customers, and society, avoiding shortcuts that compromise values. Professional ethics demand loyalty, confidentiality, and respect for others—because true leadership isn’t just about power, it’s about doing what’s right, even when it’s hard.
Social responsibility
Social responsibility means businesses must go beyond profits to consider their impact on society, the environment, and stakeholders. It’s about ethical actions that support community welfare, sustainability, and fair practices. Companies that own this role build trust, loyalty, and long-term success—because ignoring social responsibility is a shortcut to collapse
Research methods in psychology and sociology.
Both fields use qualitative methods like interviews and observations to explore human behavior deeply, and quantitative methods like surveys and experiments to measure patterns and test hypotheses. Psychology often focuses on controlled experiments to understand individual mental processes, while sociology studies group behaviors and social structures through field studies and statistical analysis. Combining these methods gives a full picture of why people act the way they do.
