1.1 Flashcards
(13 cards)
What is homeostasis?
Living organisms regulate their internal environment, keeping it constant.
Why is metabolism?
living organism transform energy from food/sunlight, and use the energy for homeostasis and other processes.
What is reproduction?
Organisms come from the reproduction of other organisms, passing on heritable characteristics
What are the three domains of life?
Bacteria, archaea and eukarya
What are eukarya?
- members are called eukaryotes
- includes all multicellular organism, including all animals, plants and fungi
- also includes lots of single-celled organism
What are bacteria?
- All are single celled
- Everywhere and extreamly abundant
- a tiny proportion cause human disease
What are archea?
- All are single celled
- poorly understood compared to bacteria
- includes no know disease-causing organism
- some live in extreme environments
- includes methanogens which produces methane
What are some roles of proteins?
Structure of cell
Transport across membranes
Regulation
Enzymes
What are all complex molecules made by?
Enzymes . Except proteins which are made by ribosomes
What is a gene?
A segment of DNA that is the instructions to make a protein.
What are features of prokaryotes?
Plasma membrane
Ribosomes
Cell wall
Circular DNA
Nucleotide region
Some have: fimbriae, capsule and flagella
What are features of animal cells?
Nucleus
Compartmentalisation
Smooth ER
Rough ER
Golgi apparatus
Lysosome
Mitochondria
Peroxisomes
Microvilli
Flagella
Cytoskeleton
Centrosome
What are features of plant cells?
Cell wall
Central vacuole
Chloroplasts
