1.1 Flashcards
Two texts that Homer wrote?
Homer century?
What were both epic crucial in?
Iliad & Odyssey
8th BC
Shaping greek perceptions about their gods
Centuries of Hesiod?
What is theogony about?
What is works and days focused on?
What do the gods act as in the latter?
8/7th bc
Origin of the world and gods
Human life with gods presiding over them
Guardians of justice
How many Homeric hymns?
Date?
Who were they not by, despite the Greeks believing they were?
What effect did this have?
33
c.700BC
Homer
Gave them authority as commentaries upon the gods
Which source is evidence of the significance of homer and Hesiod for ideas about the gods? (Give number)
Date?
Summary?
Which 4 things did the works teach the Greeks?
Herodotus, Histories 2.43
5th century BC
The Greeks didn’t know much about the gods before Hesiod and Homer
Descent if gods, gave epithets, honours and arts, declared outward forms
Homeric/hesiodic evidence for physical anthropomorphism?
Homer, Iliad 5 - Aphrodite wounded by Diomedes
Hesiod, Theogony - Zeus defeats Typhoios (leaped from Olympus, Tuphoios was maimed)
Physical anthropomorphism evidence of later impact
Panathenaic amphora 333bc - Athena physically like woman
Parthenon sculptures (mid 5th cent BC) - Athena, Poseidon, etc presented as human-like in appearance
Herodotus Histories 2.43
Homeric/hesiodic evidence for behavioural anthropomorphism
Homer, Iliad 1 - description of gods on Olympus (talking, laughing, eating, drinking, making music)
Hesiod, theogony, Zeus Vs Typhoios
Evidence of later impact for behavioural anthropomorphism
Gods depicted sitting/ standing in art eh panathenaic amphora 333BC and ninnion tablet 370BC
Homeric/hesiodic evidence for divine power
Homer, Iliad 18 - Ares and Athens ‘rose above warriors at their feet’ on Achilles’ shield
Hesiod, theogony - Zeus Vs typhoios
Evidence of later impact for divine power
Panathenaic amphora 333BC - Athena breaks border, her size is symbol of power
Tyche’s leg (1st/2nd AD) votive offering for divine healing
Homeric/hesiodic evidence for Reciprocal relationships between gods and mortals
Homer Iliad 24 - Zeus inclined to favour to hector because he always showed devotion to gods
Evidence of later impact for Reciprocal relationships between gods and mortals
Tyche’s leg (1st/2nd) - votive offering for a healing
Homeric/hesiodic evidence for divine attributes
Homeric hymn to Athena 11 - protectress of cities, fearsome goddes who cares with Ares for warlike works - the sacking of cities
Hesiod, theogony, description of birth of Athena, mentioning her attributes - ‘awesome, battle rousing, army leading, untiring lady’
Evidence of later impact for divine attributes
Panathenaic amphora 333BC - Athena’s warrior attributes (dressed as warrior: helmet, shield, spear)
Statue of Zeus at Olympia (5th cent) - kingly authority emphasised
Oltos cup - each holds symbol representing them
