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D1 Fall - Histology > 11/6: Oral Cavity > Flashcards

11/6: Oral Cavity Flashcards

(94 cards)

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1
Q

What is the oral cavity bounded by superiorly?

A

Hard and Soft palate

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2
Q

What is the oral cavity bounded by inferiorly?

A

Tongue and floor of mouth

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3
Q

What is the oral cavity bounded by anterior and lateral?

A

Teeth (dental arcade)

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4
Q

What is the oral cavity bounded by posterior?

A

Oropharynx

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5
Q

What is the area enclosed between lips and teeth?

A

Vestibule

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6
Q

What is the transitional zone between external haired skin and internal oral mucosa?

A

Vermillion border

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7
Q

What type of epidermis is the vermillion border?

A

Highly vascular dermis
Thin, overlying keratinized epidermis

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8
Q

What do lips lack?

A

Sweat and sebaceous glands

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9
Q

Why are the lips highly sensitive?

A

Rich sensory innervation

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10
Q

What is the oral cavity repsonsible for?

A

Ingestion, fragmentation, and moistening of food

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11
Q

What involves cutting, chewing, and grinding of food by occlusal surfaces of teeth?

A

Mastication

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12
Q

What is the bolus for swallowing (deglutition) assisted by?

A

Lips, tongue, and salivary gland

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13
Q

What is also involved in speech, facial expression, sensory perception and respiration?

A

Oral cavity

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14
Q

The anterior 2/3s of the tongue consists of a core mass of skeletal muscle oriented in 3 directions:

A

longitudinal
transverse
oblique

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15
Q

What does the posterior 1/3 of the tongue display aggregations of?

A

Lymphatic tissue, the lingual tonsils

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16
Q

What is the dorsal surface of the tongue covered by?

A

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium supported by a lamina propria associated with the muscle core of the tongue

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17
Q

What is the lining mucosa epithelium?

A

Non-keratinized mucosa

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18
Q

Where is the lining mucosa found?

A

Inner cheeks, floor of mouth, ventral surface of tongue and soft palate

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19
Q

What does the lining mucosa lack?

A

Stratum corneum

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20
Q

Where is the masticatory mucosa present?

A

In areas of high abrasion (gingiva (gums) and hard palate)

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21
Q

What kind of epithelium does the masticatory mucosa have?

A

Keratinized or parakeratinized (cells of stratum corneum do not lose nuclei)

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22
Q

What glands extend across the lamina propria and the muscle?

A

Serous and mucous glands

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23
Q

What do serous and mucus gland ducts open into?

A

Crypts and furrows of the lingual tonsils and circumvallate papillae

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24
Q

The dorsal surface of the tongue contains numerous mucosal projections called?

A

Lingual papillae

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25
What is each lingual papilla formed by?
Highly vascular connective tissue core
26
What is the lingual papilla covered by?
Stratified squamous epithelium
27
What can lingual papillae be divided into?
Filiform Fungiform Foliate Circumvallate
28
Which type of lingual papillae is most numerus?
Filliform
29
What is filliform papilllae made of?
Keratinized, short bristles, distributed in parallel rows
30
What does filiform papillae lack?
Taste buds; primarily tactile
31
What kind of epithelium does fungiform papillae have?
Nonkeratinized stratified squamous
32
Where are circumvallate papillae located?
Posterior part of the tongue, aligned in front of the sulcus terminalis
33
What does the circumvallate papilla occupy?
A recess in the mucosa, and is surrounded by a circular furrow or trench
34
What glands are associated with foliate and circumvallate papilla?
Serous glands or ebner's glands
35
What do ebner's glands open into?
Floor of circular furrows
36
What do Von Ebner's glands secrete?
Lingual lipase and VEGP (von Ebner's gland protein)
37
What does VEGP undertake?
Selective binding of sapid (flavorful) chemicals and their transport to taste receptors
38
What do ducts of serous glands (von ebner's) empty into?
Moat
39
What do secretions do?
Flush area and suspend tastant particles
40
What do ducts of serous glands (Von Ebner gland) produce?
Von ebner gland protein (VEGP, ebnerin) that binds to taste-producing molecules. Concentrate and transport
41
What contain several taste buds?
Sides of circumvallate papilla Facing wall of furrow
42
What does each taste bud consist of?
50-150 cells w/ narrow apical ends extending into a taste pore
43
What are the three cell components of a taste bud?
1. taste receptor cells 2. supporting cells (or immature taste cells) 3. precursor cells (basal cells)
44
Where are ovoid chemoreceptors found in?
Fungiform, foliate, and circumvallate papillae and on soft palate, posterior pharynx and epiglottis
45
What do precursor cells give rise to?
Supporting cells (or immature taste cells)
46
What do supporting cells (or immature taste cells) become?
Mature taste receptor cells
47
What does the basal portion of taste receptors cells make contact with?
An afferent nerve terminal derived from neurons in the sensory ganglia
48
What are the 4 classic taste sensations?
Sweet Sour Bitter Salty
49
What is the fifth taste?
Umami (the taste of menosodium glutamate)
50
What are examples of bitter tastants?
Varied compounds with no common molecule structure ex: caffeine, morphine, nicotine
51
What receptor is umami linked to?
Specialized receptor for L-glutamate and other amino acids
52
The distribution of umami receptors is ________
Unknown
53
Where is glutamate found?
Naturally in meats, cheeses, several cegetables
54
What do glutamate signalds cause?
Intake of proteinious foods
55
What is used as a flavor enhancer?
Monosodium glutamate (MSG)
56
Each taste bud can discern _____ tastes, but appear to concentrate on ______ of the five
5; 2
57
What do taste buds on the palate register?
Bitter and sour
58
What do posterior pharynx and epiglottis register?
All 5 taste buds
59
What protein receptor specifically responds to the flavor of fat?
CD 36
60
What does CD36 also funciton as?
Facilitate the uptake of fatty acids (mice release fat-digesting enzymes and increase intestinal fat absorption when they taste fat)
61
What does altered CD36 protein cause?
Decrease (in mice) the desire for fatty foods
62
What does sympathetic stimulation inhibit?
Aqueous secretion
63
What is aqueous secretion?
Thick, viscous saliva, rich in protein (e.g., mucus)
64
What does parasympathetic stimulation secrete?
Copious, watery saliva
65
What does saliva contain?
Watr, glycoproteins (e.g., mucus) and proteins
66
What specifics are found in saliva?
Enzymes - amylase, converts starch to sugar Lysozyme Antibacteria compounds Ab's - salivary IgA High in K, low Na, high bicarbonate (HCO3-)
67
What is the avg saliva production in humans?
~600-1500 ml/day
68
What are the functions of saliva?
* Moistens oral mucosa & dry food * Provides carrier medium for sense of taste * Buffering via high bicarbonate content * Digestion of carbohydrates via amylase * Immunologic function—secretion of salivary IgA * Control of bacterial flora
69
What do proteins in saliva cover teeth with?
Acquired pellicle
70
What does the pellicle function as?
semipermeable network of adsorbed salivary macromolecules
71
What provides partial protection against acidic changes?
Pellicle
72
What cannot completely prevent deminerlization of the tooth surface?
Pellicle
73
What does the pellicle have that prevents tooth decay?
Antibodies
74
What are the 3 major pairs of salivary glands?
Parotid Submandibular Sublingual
75
What is the largest gland, located on the cheeks?
Parotid - almost compltely serous
76
What does the parotid duct (stenson's duct) open within?
Vestibule, opposite upper 2nd molarW
77
Where is the submandibular gland located?
Inferior and medial to ramus of mandible
78
What does the submandibular gland contain?
Serous and mucus glands
79
Where is the sublingual gland located?
Below tongue
80
What does the sublingual gland contain?
Mostly mucus
81
What is scattered throughout the oral mucosa?
Smaller, accessory glands (lingual, labial, buccal, molar, and palatine)
82
What is the compound (branched gands) secretory unit?
Acinus
83
What do myoepithelial cells surround?
Acini
84
What does acini contraction aid in?
Secrtion of saliva into ducts
85
Acini are ______ or ______
Serous; mucous
86
What are serous acini of mixed glands?
Demilunes
87
What are intercalated ducts lined by?
SImple cuboidal epithelium (secrete HCO3, resorb Cl)
88
What epithelium are larger striated ducts?
Simple cuboidal to columnar epithelium
89
What do striated ducts possess?
Basal striations, due to folding of plasma membrane
90
What is the function of striated/intercalated ducts?
Intercalated - Secrete: HCO3 Resorb: Cl Straited - Secrete: IgA, lysozyme, K Resorb: Na
91
Where do salivary glands empty into?
Larger excretory ducts
92
What epithelium are in excretory ducts?
Stratified cuboidal or pseudostratified columnar epithelium
93
what are the intrinsic muscles (4 pair)?
1. superior longitudinal 2. inferior longitudinal 3. transversus linguae 4. verticalis linguae
94
What is it called when we have stones in our submandibular or parotid ducts?
Sialolith

D1 Fall - Histology (20 decks)

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