11 Atoms the Basic Unit of Matter

Question 1

matter is made up of

Answer 1

atoms

Question 2

are the smallest whole particles

Answer 2

atoms

Question 3

basic unit of matter

Answer 3

atoms

Question 4

smaller particles that compose the atom

Answer 4

subatomic particles

Question 5

dense central core of the atom

Answer 5

nucleus

Question 6

subatomic particles found in the nuclei

Answer 6

nucleons

Question 7

positively charge particle

Answer 7

protons

Question 8

makes the identity of an atom

Answer 8

protons

Question 9

equal to the number of protons inside the nucleus

Answer 9

atomic number

Question 10

neutral particles

Answer 10

neutrons

Question 11

atoms of the same element but have DIFFERENT number of neutrons

Answer 11

isotopes

Question 12

determines the stability of the atom

Answer 12

isotopes

Question 13

H1

Answer 13

protium

Question 14

H2

Answer 14

deuterium

Question 15

H3

Answer 15

tritium

Question 16

still smaller particles that compose the protons and neutrons

Answer 16

quarks

Question 17

According to quark theory, _____ quarks are needed to make a proton or a neutron

Answer 17

3

Question 18

reacts and bonds with other electrons of atoms to form substances

Answer 18

electrons

Question 19

layers; orbits; energy levels

Answer 19

electron shells

Question 20

shells farther from the nucleus can hold
___ electrons than the innermost shells

Answer 20

more

Question 21

greek philosopher (470 – 380 BC) who is the father of modern atomic thought

Answer 21

democritus

Question 22

proposed that matter cannot be divided into smaller pieces forever

Answer 22

democritus

Question 23

claimed that matter was made of small, hard particles called “atomos”

Answer 23

democritus

Question 24

created the very first atomic theory

Answer 24

john dalton (1808)

Question 25

english school teacher who performed many experiments on atoms

Answer 25

john dalton

Question 26

viewed atoms as tiny, solid balls

Answer 26

john dalton

Question 27

john dalton's atomic theory

Answer 27

- atoms are tiny, invisible particles - atoms of one element are all the same - atoms of diff elements are different - compounds form by combining atoms

Question 28

dalton's theory revisions

Answer 28

- atoms aren’t indestructible; they consist of still smaller particles. - the atoms of one element may differ in mass

Question 29

smaller particles that made up the atom

Answer 29

sub-atomic particles

Question 30

not fundamental; divisible; positive

Answer 30

protons

Question 31

made of two up quarks and one down quark

Answer 31

protons

Question 32

not fundamental; divisible; neutral

Answer 32

neutrons

Question 33

made of one up quark and two down quarks

Answer 33

neutrons

Question 34

fundamental; indivisible

Answer 34

electrons

Question 35

still not known to consist of other particles

Answer 35

electrons

Question 36

using his expertise in electromagnetic theory, he was able to determine the ratio of electron’s charge to its mass: e- charge/m = − 𝟏.𝟕𝟔 𝐱 𝟏𝟎𝟖 𝐂/g

Answer 36

Sir Joseph John Thomson

Question 37

oil-drop experiment

Answer 37

Robert Andrews Millikan

Question 38

mass of an electron

Answer 38

mass of an e- = (e-charge) ÷ (e-charge/mass)

Question 39

negatively charged particles

Answer 39

electrons

Question 40

-1 is the unit of negative charge

Answer 40

electrons

Question 41

value of the unit charge

Answer 41

electrons

Question 42

e = -1.60210 x 10-19 C

Answer 42

electrons

Question 43

has a mass of 9.109 x 10-28 g or 0.000549 amu

Answer 43

electrons

Question 44

positively charged particles

Answer 44

protons

Question 45

+1 is the unit of positive charge and relative value

Answer 45

protons

Question 46

has a mass of 1.673 x 10-24 g or 1 amu

Answer 46

protons

Question 47

discovered electrons

Answer 47

JJ Thomson (1897)

Question 48

first scientist to show that the atom was made of even smaller things

Answer 48

JJ Thomson

Question 49

proposted the existence of a (+) particle

Answer 49

JJ Thomson

Question 50

his atomic model was known as the "raisin bun" model

Answer 50

JJ Thomson

Question 51

atoms are mostly made of (+) charged material, like dough in a bun; the (-) charged electrons are found inside the dough

Answer 51

raisin bun model by JJ Thomson

Question 52

gold foil experiment

Answer 52

rutherford and co.

Question 53

atom had a very dense (+) center; ____ called it a nucleus

Answer 53

rutherford

Question 54

mostly empty space

Answer 54

rutherford's nuclear model

Question 55

has a small, positive nucleus containing protons

Answer 55

rutherford's nuclear model

Question 56

negative electrons are scattered around it

Answer 56

rutherford's nuclear model

Question 57

improved on Rutherford's model

Answer 57

niel bohr (1913)

Question 58

proposed that electrons move around the nucleus in specific layers/shells

Answer 58

niel bohr

Question 59

every atom has a specific number of shells

Answer 59

niel bohr

Question 60

electrons move in definite orbits around the nucleus

Answer 60

bohr's planetary model

Question 61

proposed by Erwin Schrödinger

Answer 61

schrodinger's wave mechanical model

Question 62

electrons move like waves around the nucleus

Answer 62

schrodinger's wave mechanical model

Question 63

atomic model that has electrons moving around the nucleus in a cloud

Answer 63

modern

Question 64

a modified wave mechanical model

Answer 64

born's electron cloud model

Question 65

spherical cloud of varying density which shows where an electron is more or less likely to be

Answer 65

born's electron cloud model

Question 66

discovered neutrons

Answer 66

james chadwick (1932)

Question 67

while working with rutherford, discovered particles that had no charge; he called them neutrons

Answer 67

james chadwick

Question 68

neutral, no electric charge

Answer 68

neutrons

Question 69

the other particle inside the nucleus aside from the protons that makes up the atomic mass

Answer 69

neutrons

Question 70

has a mass of 1.675 x 10-24 g or 1 amu

Answer 70

neutrons

Question 71

identity number

Answer 71

atomic number

Question 72

equal to the number of protons in the nucleus

Answer 72

atomic number

Question 73

equal to the number of electrons in the neutral state

Answer 73

atomic number

Question 74

represented by capital letter “Z”

Answer 74

atomic number

Question 75

the sum of the number of neutrons and protons in an atomic nucleus

Answer 75

mass number

Question 76

represented by letter “A”

Answer 76

mass number

Question 77

the mass of an atom expressed in atomic mass units (µ)

Answer 77

atomic mass

Question 78

atoms that gain or lose electrons, thereby forming charged particles

Answer 78

ions

Question 79

two types of ions

Answer 79

cations (+) and anions (-)

Question 80

formula for atomic number

Answer 80

Z = p

Question 81

formula for mass number

Answer 81

A = Z, A = p + n

Question 82

formula for neutrons

Answer 82

n = A - Z or p

Question 83

formula for e-

Answer 83

p if the electrical charge is 0 (neutral state)

Question 84

formula if the charge is + (cation)

Answer 84

p - charge = #e-

Question 85

formula if the charge is - (anion)

Answer 85

p + charge = #e-

Question 86

p + n =

Answer 86

atomic mass

Question 87

atoms are

Answer 87

neutral

Question 88

protons =

Answer 88

electrons

Question 89

do protons = atomic number?

Answer 89

yes

Question 90

what make up the identity of an atom?

Answer 90

number of protons