11 basic structure of constitution

Question 1

in which article in which part of the constitution grants the parliament to amend the constitution?

Answer 1

article 368 in part 20

Question 2

when the constituent assembly was building the constitution, why did they refrain from voting on subject matters

Answer 2

because this voting and majority support creates a toxic environment where at the end everyone is unhappy with a lot of decisions, instead they chose to make amends till everyone was satisfied with the constitution

Question 3

which articles are the protectors of the fundamental rights

Answer 3

article 13 that the laws inconsistent or in derogation with the fundamental rights are void
and article 32: the right to constitutional remedies

Question 4

the old right to property was in which articles

Answer 4

article 19 (1)f
and article 31 (compensation regarding it)

Question 5

which dpsp articles were antagonistic to right to property

Answer 5

39(B) raising standard of living specially for weaker section
39(C) concentration of wealth control

Question 6

which articles collided in the shah bano case of 1985

Answer 6

article 14 where everyone is equal and article 25 the religious freedom
muslim men can make polygamous marriages which is against equality of women
also the article 44 which promotes the uniform civil code

Question 7

in which socialist philosophy the landlord is the real oppressor

Answer 7

the fabian philosophy of england by js mill

Question 8

which case is known as the first backward classes commission case?

Answer 8

champakam dorairajan case of 1951 which stated that in making article 46 come to life, the govt has thrown away articles 14 and 15

Question 9

when was the first constitutional amendment? what was it about?

Answer 9

land reforms. 1951

Question 10

which articles were added in the first CAA

Answer 10

31A and B, article 15(4)

Question 11

what was in article 31A

Answer 11

that in cases of land reforms, article 31 other rules do not apply

Question 12

what was in article 31B

Answer 12

it added a 9th schedule to indian constitution in which there would be no judicial review for the acts placed in this schedule

Question 13

in which article was the heavily controversial 9th schedule added?

Answer 13

article 31 B

Question 14

what was in article 15(4)

Answer 14

education reservation for backwards classes, and article 14 and 15 do not apply then

Question 15

what was shankari prasad case 1951 against?

Answer 15

the relation of article 13 and 368 after the parliament passes first constitutional amendment act

Question 16

what is doctrine of severability

Answer 16

aka doctrine of separability says that the part of an act which violates the law shall be considered void and the parts which are constitutional can stay. it dismisses and accepts parts of a contract or a law or an act.

Question 17

what was the decision in the shankari prasad case of 1951

Answer 17

that the parliament is right in keeping 13 and 368 separate and with 368, parliament can make amendments it desires

Question 18

how did the government handle the decision against it in the bela banergee case of 1953

Answer 18

they used the power of the 9th schedule

Question 19

when did nehru die

Answer 19

27 may 1964

Question 20

with which amendment did states like rajasthan and punjab put its LR acts in 9th schedule

Answer 20

17th amendment 1964

Question 21

which case challenged to review the LR acts and shankari prasad decision but lost?

Answer 21

sajjan singh case in 1965

Question 22

how many judges minimum are necessary in the constitutional bench

Answer 22

5

Question 23

when was golaknath case

Answer 23

1967

Question 24

who was the prime minister during golakhnath case

Answer 24

indira gandhi

Question 25

how did the golaknath case change the article 368

Answer 25

it made it a subset of article 13 and limited its powers

Question 26

who was the chief justice during the golakhnath case

Answer 26

K subbarao

Question 27

what is the doctrine of prospective ruling

Answer 27

in this, without changing anything about the past laws or orders, the judiciary applies the new laws from that day forward that is the future from the decision without touching the previous rules

Question 28

when was the india china war after independence

Answer 28

in oct nov 1962

Question 29

who were the president and prime minister during indo china 1962 war

Answer 29

S Radhakrishnan and JLN

Question 30

who had to resign after S radhakrishnan showed dismay for india defeat from china in 1962

Answer 30

defence minister VK krishna menon

Question 31

who were the prime candidates for PM after nehru died on 27 may 1962

Answer 31

Morarji Desai and LB shastri

Question 32

who was the president of INC who suggested LB shastri as the new pm

Answer 32

Kamraj aka the king maker

Question 33

when was the indo pak war in time of shastri

Answer 33

1965

Question 34

what did shastri ask the citizens of india in 1965 war

Answer 34

to have fast one day in a week as india was suffering from lack of basic resources

Question 35

when did shastri die

Answer 35

on 11 jan 1966, the day of tashkent treaty

Question 36

why did kamraj suggest indira gandhi as PM after shastri died

Answer 36

morarji desai was the strong candidate which threatened kamraj's position in the party, and indira gandhi was considered to be the goongi gudia, a non threat which led to her becoming PM

Question 37

morarji desai rejected the idea of indira gandhi as PM in 1966, what happened next?

Answer 37

there was a voting where IG won, and morarji desai was made the finance minister and deputy pm

Question 38

who was the first deputy pm of india

Answer 38

sardar vallabh bhai patel, also home minister

Question 39

who gave the slogan of "gair congress waad"

Answer 39

ram manohar lohiya

Question 40

what was the reason of supreme court ruling against government in golakhnath case of 1967

Answer 40

congress won only 283 seats out of 522 and lost in 6 states. lost tamil nadu to m karunanidhi. this government was weak and court automatically became stronger

Question 41

who became president of india in 1967

Answer 41

zakir hussain

Question 42

how did indira react immediately to golakhnath case of 1967

Answer 42

she understood the importance of popularity and working for poor. gave her 10 point programme which included nationalization of banks and insurance companies, urban land ceiling, privy purse end etc

Question 43

when did zakir hussain die

Answer 43

1969

Question 44

who took charge of president when zakir hussain died

Answer 44

VV giri who was the vice president

Question 45

who were the presidential candidates in 1969

Answer 45

neelam sajeeva reddy and VV giri

Question 46

when VV giri contested in presidential elections, he was in charge of the presidential seat. how did IG manage to get him contest elections?

Answer 46

new act called president act,1969 where if VP is not there, CJ of supreme court will take charge, and next in line is the senior most judge of SC

Question 47

who was the first CJI who took charge of president

Answer 47

N Hidaytullah in 1969

Question 48

who was the congress president who suggested NS reddy as the presidential candidate in 1969

Answer 48

S Nijalingappa

Question 49

when was the only time a 2nd round of voting was done in presidential elections of india

Answer 49

in 1969 when VV giri won

Question 50

how did the INC got affected after the presidential elections fiasco and falling of IG and Nijalingappa relationship in 1969

Answer 50

congress divided into two INC(R) and INC(O)

Question 51

when after the divide of congress in 1969, who came in support of indira gandhi

Answer 51

DMK leader M karunanidhi

Question 52

when was the nationalisation of banks tried for the first time by indira gandhi

Answer 52

in 1969

Question 53

what was the minimum needed capital for banks to be nationalised

Answer 53

50 crores

Question 54

what were the two ways for compensation for banks to be nationalised which led to the RC cooper case against them

Answer 54

first was a mutual agreement second was the decided amount by a tribunal which would be credited to the banks in 10 years

Question 55

what was the result of the RC Cooper case of 1969

Answer 55

by a prospective ruling of 10:1, nationalisation bill was dismissed as a blow to IG

Question 56

who was the lawyer in rc cooper case

Answer 56

nani palkhiwala

Question 57

what happened to the privy purses abolition bill of 1970

Answer 57

it was passed in lok sabha but couldn't in rajya sabha (lost by one vote)

Question 58

how did indira gandhi react to the privy purse abolition bill of 1970 failing in rajya sabha

Answer 58

presidential order to change the definition of rulers in 366(22) which led to all the privy purse rulers being out of the definition

Question 59

who took the case to the court against presidential order to change the definition of rulers in 1970

Answer 59

madhav rao sindhia

Question 60

in which year did indira gandhi ask president vv giri to hold the LS elections early

Answer 60

1971

Question 61

how many seats are there in lok sabha now

Answer 61

543

Question 62

after the big win of IG in 1971 following her gareebi hatao slogan, with which country was a treaty made for protection against the oppression of USA

Answer 62

USSR for 25 years

Question 63

when was the indo pak war when bangladesh was made a new country

Answer 63

1971

Question 64

the strong government of IG, which amendment act was made to fix the golakhnath case fiasco

Answer 64

24

Question 65

what were the changes made in the constitution for amendment powers of parliament

Answer 65

added articles 13(4) and 368(3) which made these separate from each other

Question 66

which amendment was for the nationalisation of banks

Answer 66

25 compensation was changed to amount

Question 67

which article was added by 25th caa

Answer 67

31C which made that laws made to give effect to DPSPs is bigger than 14,19 and 31

Question 68

which articles were related to privy purses

Answer 68

291 362 366(22)

Question 69

which articles were changed or removed related to privy purses by 26th caa

Answer 69

removed 291 and 362 changed 366(22) as rulers are those who used to get privy purses

Question 70

which amendment of constitution led to the keshvanand bharti case

Answer 70

29th CAA of 1977 which put a lot of acts in the 9th schedule, including the kerala land reforms act which led to KB case

Question 71

why did the keshwanand bharti case had a 13 judges bench i.e. all the judges at the time

Answer 71

because they used golakhnath case as a base which led to its review. the golakhnath case had 11 judges bench.

Question 72

when was the KB case decision come

Answer 72

24 april 1973

Question 73

how did IG react to the KB case ruling

Answer 73

she declared AN Ray, the leader of the opposition judges of the KB case, as the new CJI

Question 74

which judges resigned when AN Ray was declared the new CJI

Answer 74

shalet, grover and hegde

Question 75

who was the CJI during emergency

Answer 75

AN Ray, who always favoured the government and was never of the people

Question 76

who wanted to review the KB case and how was it stopped

Answer 76

AN Ray nani palkhiwala stopped it asking if there has been no review petition, how could they review it

Question 77

when was the indira gandhi nehru case

Answer 77

1975

Question 78

which constitution amendment of 1976 made article 368 stronger

Answer 78

42nd aka the mini constitution

Question 79

what was in minnerva mills case of 1980

Answer 79

it was against the amending power granted to the parliament in 42nd caa of 1976 this case, sc made those new changes to article 368 i.e. the addition of (4)and(5) unconstitutional. the limited power to amend the constitution was called the basic structure of constitution

Question 80

what happened in vaman rao case and when was it

Answer 80

in 1981 acts in 9th schedule before 24 april 1973 are outside of judicial review, but everything else after in well within reach